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@article{1336257,
author = {Jonker, Michiel T. O. and van der Heijden, Stephan A. and Kotte, Marcel and Smedes, Foppe},
article_location = {WASHINGTON, DC (USA)},
article_number = {11},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b00286},
keywords = {POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS; WATER; CONTAMINANTS; DEVICES; PARENT; POLAR; PAHS; POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE)},
language = {eng},
issn = {0013-936X},
journal = {Environmental Science and Technology},
title = {Quantifying the Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Partitioning of Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals to Silicone Rubber Passive Samplers},
url = {http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b00286},
volume = {49},
year = {2015}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 1336257
AU - Jonker, Michiel T. O. - van der Heijden, Stephan A. - Kotte, Marcel - Smedes, Foppe
PY - 2015
TI - Quantifying the Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Partitioning of Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals to Silicone Rubber Passive Samplers
JF - Environmental Science and Technology
VL - 49
IS - 11
SP - 6791-6799
EP - 6791-6799
PB - American Chemical Society
SN - 0013936X
KW - POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS
KW - POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS
KW - DIFFUSION-COEFFICIENTS
KW - WATER
KW - CONTAMINANTS
KW - DEVICES
KW - PARENT
KW - POLAR
KW - PAHS
KW - POLY(DIMETHYLSILOXANE)
UR - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b00286
L2 - http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acs.est.5b00286
N2 - Passive sampling is a widely applied technique to determine freely dissolved aqueous concentrations of hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOCs), such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Crucial to the measurements are sampler-water partition coefficients, which are generally determined in the laboratory under standard conditions (in freshwater at 20 degrees C). Theoretically, however, the coefficients are dependent on environmental conditions, such as temperature and salinity. Yet, there are insufficient experimental data in the scientific literature to prove this for different polymers. Several polymers are already being applied during field monitoring, however, and neglecting any effects may lead to imprecise results. In the present study, we therefore quantified the effects of temperature and salinity on the sampler-water partition coefficients of PAHs and PCBs for silicone rubber, a material used in Dutch passive sampling monitoring campaigns. The results demonstrated a chemical-specific and hydrophobicity-dependent temperature effect, being independent of salinity, and a chemical- and temperature-independent salinity effect. Based on the obtained data, location-specific silicone rubberwater partition coefficients (Ksr-w; adjusted for temperature and salinity) can be calculated. The impact of applying such location-specific values was demonstrated using the Dutch passive sampling field monitoring database, covering ten years of PAH and PCB data for several locations. Adjusting the Ksr-w values resulted in aqueous concentrations that were lowered by a factor of 1.6 on average. The reduction was rather constant because of the manner of sampling (under nonequilibrium conditions and using performance reference compounds) and calculating. When sampling under equilibrium conditions in seawater at temperatures at about freezing, the adjustment effect can potentially increase up to 5-6 for the more hydrophobic PAHs and PCBs.
ER -
JONKER, Michiel T. O., Stephan A. VAN DER HEIJDEN, Marcel KOTTE and Foppe SMEDES. Quantifying the Effects of Temperature and Salinity on Partitioning of Hydrophobic Organic Chemicals to Silicone Rubber Passive Samplers. \textit{Environmental Science and Technology}. WASHINGTON, DC (USA): American Chemical Society, 2015, vol.~49, No~11, p.~6791-6799. ISSN~0013-936X. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.5b00286.
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