Impacts of old, comparatively stable, treethrow microtopography
on soils and forest dynamics in the northern hardwoods of
Michigan, USA

J 2016

Impacts of old, comparatively stable, treethrow microtopography on soils and forest dynamics in the northern hardwoods of Michigan, USA

ŠAMONIL, Pavel, Martin VALTERA, Randall J. SCHAETZL, Dušan ADAM, Ivana VAŠÍČKOVÁ et. al.

Basic information

Original name

Impacts of old, comparatively stable, treethrow microtopography on soils and forest dynamics in the northern hardwoods of Michigan, USA

Authors

ŠAMONIL, Pavel (203 Czech Republic, guarantor), Martin VALTERA (203 Czech Republic), Randall J. SCHAETZL (840 United States of America), Dušan ADAM (203 Czech Republic), Ivana VAŠÍČKOVÁ (203 Czech Republic), Pavel DANĚK (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), David JANÍK (203 Czech Republic) and Václav TEJNECKÝ (203 Czech Republic)

Edition

Catena, AMSTERDAM, Elsevier Science, 2016, 0341-8162

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Článek v odborném periodiku

Field of Study

40104 Soil science

Country of publisher

Netherlands

Confidentiality degree

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Impact factor

Impact factor: 3.191

RIV identification code

RIV/00216224:14310/16:00090965

Organization unit

Faculty of Science

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.01.006

UT WoS

000372387100007

Keywords in English

Soil disturbance; Nonlinear pedogenesis; Spodosols; Uprooting; Podzolization; Slope movement

Abstract

V originále

Uprooting represents a key disturbance process in forests, forming pit-mound microtopography, which can then dramatically impact pedogenesis and the forest ecology. At our study sites in northern Michigan, where well drained, sandy Spodosols dominate, pit-mound microtopography tends to persist for millennia. Because of its persistence, the influence of this type of microtopography is greater here than in most forests. In that respect, our sites represent an end member along a continuum of forest soil disturbance by uprooting. We studied post-uprooting pedogenesis (at 14 dated pit-mound pairs), mapped and characterized the pit-mound topography (over 2.8 ha), the soils below (within 317 soil profiles), and the trees above, to better understand the complex interactions among this type of disturbance regime and forest dynamics. We used a pair correlation function and chi-square test approach to study the relationships between treethrow features and the living trees at one of these sites. Soil variability as affected by microtopography, was studied using geostatistics. Pit-mound microtopography here covers 17% of the surface and are generally randomly distributed across the forest floor. Mounds are more prominent features of the forest floor than are pits. Pits infill with sediment and litter, obscuring them, whereas mounds persist for millennia in the sandy sediment because runoff is limited, and litter forms a protective armor. Treethrow features had volumes of roughly 214-225 m(3)/ha, and on average, each uprooting event translocated 0.6 m(3) of soil about 0:8 m laterally and 0.1-0.2 m vertically. Areas of the pit mound features did not differ between slope aspects, supporting an idea that on the gentle slopes of the study sites, uprooting does little to affect the movement of sediment downslope. The exceptional longevity of the treethrow features is probably a factor in the statistical randomness with which treethrow features are distributed on the forest floor, as footprints of many uprooting events are interlaced across the forest floor. As reported elsewhere, soil development was accelerated in pits, leading to increasingly greater differences in soil development between pits and mounds, over time, and illustrating the concept of locally divergent pedogenesis. In older pits, the abnormally thick soil profiles extent so far below the depth of rooting that they are unlikely to be disturbed by future uprooting events. On the coarser spatial scale of the forest stand, uprooting decreased the ranges and increased the sills of spatial autocorrelation for O, E and Bhs horizon thicknesses. The effect of treethrow dynamics on soil characteristics was greatest and statistically most significant for E horizon thicknesses, where the range was decreased from 13 m to 10 m, whereas the maximal level of semivariance (sill) increased by 42%. All tree species preferred treethrow mounds to pits or undisturbed microsite for regeneration, especially Acer saccharum. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Citovat

ŠAMONIL, Pavel, Martin VALTERA, Randall J. SCHAETZL, Dušan ADAM, Ivana VAŠÍČKOVÁ, Pavel DANĚK, David JANÍK and Václav TEJNECKÝ. Impacts of old, comparatively stable, treethrow microtopography on soils and forest dynamics in the northern hardwoods of Michigan, USA. Catena. AMSTERDAM: Elsevier Science, 2016, vol. 140, May, p. 55-65. ISSN 0341-8162. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.01.006.

@article{1355317,
   author = {Šamonil, Pavel and Valtera, Martin and Schaetzl, Randall J. and Adam, Dušan and Vašíčková, Ivana and Daněk, Pavel and Janík, David and Tejnecký, Václav},
   article_location = {AMSTERDAM},
   article_number = {May},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.01.006},
   keywords = {Soil disturbance; Nonlinear pedogenesis; Spodosols; Uprooting; Podzolization; Slope movement},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {0341-8162},
   journal = {Catena},
   title = {Impacts of old, comparatively stable, treethrow microtopography on soils and forest dynamics in the northern hardwoods of Michigan, USA},
   volume = {140},
   year = {2016}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 1355317
AU  - Šamonil, Pavel - Valtera, Martin - Schaetzl, Randall J. - Adam, Dušan - Vašíčková, Ivana - Daněk, Pavel - Janík, David - Tejnecký, Václav
PY  - 2016
TI  - Impacts of old, comparatively stable, treethrow microtopography on soils and forest dynamics in the northern hardwoods of Michigan, USA
JF  - Catena
VL  - 140
IS  - May
SP  - 55-65
EP  - 55-65
PB  - Elsevier Science
SN  - 03418162
KW  - Soil disturbance
KW  - Nonlinear pedogenesis
KW  - Spodosols
KW  - Uprooting
KW  - Podzolization
KW  - Slope movement
N2  - Uprooting represents a key disturbance process in forests, forming pit-mound microtopography, which can then dramatically impact pedogenesis and the forest ecology. At our study sites in northern Michigan, where well drained, sandy Spodosols dominate, pit-mound microtopography tends to persist for millennia. Because of its persistence, the influence of this type of microtopography is greater here than in most forests. In that respect, our sites represent an end member along a continuum of forest soil disturbance by uprooting. We studied post-uprooting pedogenesis (at 14 dated pit-mound pairs), mapped and characterized the pit-mound topography (over 2.8 ha), the soils below (within 317 soil profiles), and the trees above, to better understand the complex interactions among this type of disturbance regime and forest dynamics. We used a pair correlation function and chi-square test approach to study the relationships between treethrow features and the living trees at one of these sites. Soil variability as affected by microtopography, was studied using geostatistics. Pit-mound microtopography here covers 17% of the surface and are generally randomly distributed across the forest floor. Mounds are more prominent features of the forest floor than are pits. Pits infill with sediment and litter, obscuring them, whereas mounds persist for millennia in the sandy sediment because runoff is limited, and litter forms a protective armor. Treethrow features had volumes of roughly 214-225 m(3)/ha, and on average, each uprooting event translocated 0.6 m(3) of soil about 0:8 m laterally and 0.1-0.2 m vertically. Areas of the pit mound features did not differ between slope aspects, supporting an idea that on the gentle slopes of the study sites, uprooting does little to affect the movement of sediment downslope. The exceptional longevity of the treethrow features is probably a factor in the statistical randomness with which treethrow features are distributed on the forest floor, as footprints of many uprooting events are interlaced across the forest floor. As reported elsewhere, soil development was accelerated in pits, leading to increasingly greater differences in soil development between pits and mounds, over time, and illustrating the concept of locally divergent pedogenesis. In older pits, the abnormally thick soil profiles extent so far below the depth of rooting that they are unlikely to be disturbed by future uprooting events. On the coarser spatial scale of the forest stand, uprooting decreased the ranges and increased the sills of spatial autocorrelation for O, E and Bhs horizon thicknesses. The effect of treethrow dynamics on soil characteristics was greatest and statistically most significant for E horizon thicknesses, where the range was decreased from 13 m to 10 m, whereas the maximal level of semivariance (sill) increased by 42%. All tree species preferred treethrow mounds to pits or undisturbed microsite for regeneration, especially Acer saccharum. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
ER  -

ŠAMONIL, Pavel, Martin VALTERA, Randall J. SCHAETZL, Dušan ADAM, Ivana VAŠÍČKOVÁ, Pavel DANĚK, David JANÍK and Václav TEJNECKÝ. Impacts of old, comparatively stable, treethrow microtopography on soils and forest dynamics in the northern hardwoods of Michigan, USA. \textit{Catena}. AMSTERDAM: Elsevier Science, 2016, vol.~140, May, p.~55-65. ISSN~0341-8162. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2016.01.006.

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