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@article{1372449,
author = {Rajasärkkä, Suvi Johanna Irene and Pernica, Marek and Kuta, Jan and Lasnak, Jonas and Šimek, Zdeněk and Bláha, Luděk},
article_location = {OXFORD},
article_number = {October},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.027},
keywords = {Drinking water; Water pipe; Epoxy resin; Spray-on-lining; Bisphenol A},
language = {eng},
issn = {0043-1354},
journal = {Water Research},
title = {Drinking water contaminants from epoxy resin-coated pipes: A field study},
url = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135416305310},
volume = {103},
year = {2016}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 1372449
AU - Rajasärkkä, Suvi Johanna Irene - Pernica, Marek - Kuta, Jan - Lasnak, Jonas - Šimek, Zdeněk - Bláha, Luděk
PY - 2016
TI - Drinking water contaminants from epoxy resin-coated pipes: A field study
JF - Water Research
VL - 103
IS - October
SP - 133-140
EP - 133-140
PB - PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
SN - 00431354
KW - Drinking water
KW - Water pipe
KW - Epoxy resin
KW - Spray-on-lining
KW - Bisphenol A
UR - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135416305310
L2 - http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0043135416305310
N2 - Rehabilitation of aged drinking water pipes is an extensive renovation and increasingly topical in many European cities. A commonly used polymer is epoxy resin consisting of monomer bisphenol A (BPA). Leaching of BPA from epoxy lining to drinking water has been a concern among public and authorities. Currently epoxy lining is not recommended in some countries. BPA leaching has been demonstrated in laboratory studies but the behavior and ageing process of epoxy lining in situ is not well known. In this study 6 locations with different age epoxy linings of drinking water pipes done using two distinct technologies were studied. While bisphenol F, 4-nnonylphenol, and 4-t-octylphenol were rarely found and in trace concentrations, BPA was detected in majority of samples. The influence of ageing of epoxy lining on BPA leaching on could be shown in case of LSE technology: locations with 8-9 years old lining leached 4-20-fold more BPA compared to a location with 2-year-old lining. Analysis of metals showed that epoxy lining can reduce especially iron concentration in water. No significant burden to water could be shown by the analyzed 72 volatile organic compounds, including epichlorhydrin, precursor used in epoxy resin. Estrogenicity was detected in water samples with the highest BPA loads. Comparable responses of two yeast bioreporters (estrogen receptor alpha and BPA-targeted) indicated that bisphenol-like compounds were the main cause of estrogenicity. Compared to the estimated average daily BPA exposure, additional BPA load via cold drinking water in the studied locations was low, maximum 8.7%. However, hot water should also be considered as exposure source due to higher BPA concentrations. Epoxy lined locations should be monitored in future in order to evaluate ageing process and control increasing leaching of potentially harmful chemicals.
ER -
RAJASÄRKKÄ, Suvi Johanna Irene, Marek PERNICA, Jan KUTA, Jonas LASNAK, Zdeněk ŠIMEK and Luděk BLÁHA. Drinking water contaminants from epoxy resin-coated pipes: A field study. \textit{Water Research}. OXFORD: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, 2016, vol.~103, October, p.~133-140. ISSN~0043-1354. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.027.
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