WOHRNSCHIMMEL, Henry, Martin SCHERINGER, Christian BOGDAL, Hayley HUNG, Amina SALAMOVA, Marta VENIER, Athanasios KATSOYIANNIS, Ronald A. HITES, Konrad HUNGERBUHLER and Heidelore FIEDLER. Ten years after entry into force of the Stockholm Convention: What do air monitoring data tell about its effectiveness? Environmental Pollution. OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND: ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2016, vol. 217, October, p. 149-158. ISSN 0269-7491. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.090.
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Basic information
Original name Ten years after entry into force of the Stockholm Convention: What do air monitoring data tell about its effectiveness?
Authors WOHRNSCHIMMEL, Henry (756 Switzerland), Martin SCHERINGER (756 Switzerland, guarantor, belonging to the institution), Christian BOGDAL (756 Switzerland), Hayley HUNG (124 Canada), Amina SALAMOVA (840 United States of America), Marta VENIER (380 Italy), Athanasios KATSOYIANNIS (578 Norway), Ronald A. HITES (840 United States of America), Konrad HUNGERBUHLER (756 Switzerland) and Heidelore FIEDLER (756 Switzerland).
Edition Environmental Pollution, OXFORD, OXON, ENGLAND, ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2016, 0269-7491.
Other information
Original language English
Type of outcome Article in a journal
Field of Study 30304 Public and environmental health
Country of publisher United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Confidentiality degree is not subject to a state or trade secret
WWW URL
Impact factor Impact factor: 5.099
RIV identification code RIV/00216224:14310/16:00093541
Organization unit Faculty of Science
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.090
UT WoS 000383825100019
Keywords in English Stockholm Convention; Effectiveness evaluation; Air monitoring; Time series analysis
Tags AKR, rivok
Tags International impact, Reviewed
Changed by Changed by: Ing. Andrea Mikešková, učo 137293. Changed: 14/4/2017 11:50.
Abstract
More than a decade ago, the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs), one of the multilateral environmental agreements administered by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), entered into force. The objective of this Convention is to protect human health and the environment by controlling the releases of POPs. According to its Article 16, the effectiveness of the Stockholm Convention shall be evaluated using comparable monitoring data on the presence of POPs as well as their regional and global environmental transport. Here, we present a time series analysis on atmospheric POP concentrations from 15 monitoring stations in North America and Europe that provide long-term data and have started operations between 1990 and 2003. We systematically searched for temporal trends and significant structural changes in temporal trends that might result from the provisions of the Stockholm Convention. We find that such structural changes do occur, but they are related mostly to effects of national regulations enforced prior to the implementation of the Stockholm Convention, rather than to the enforcement of the provisions laid out in the Convention. One example is that concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls, many of which started to decrease rapidly during the 1990s. Also effects of chemical transport and fate, for instance the re-volatilization of POPs from secondary sources, are thought to be a cause of some of the observed structural changes. We conclude that a decade of air monitoring data has not been sufficient for detecting general and statistically significant effects of the Stockholm Convention. Based on these lessons, we present recommendations for the future operation of existing monitoring programs and advocate for a stricter enforcement of the provisions of the Stockholm Convention, in the current absence of proof for its effectiveness.
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