One of the objective of diabetes mellitus therapy is to reduce cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. This is the reason why the cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes receives significant attention, especially the possibilities to influence it therapeutically, both through the therapy of hyperglycaemia itself and comprehensive modification of all risk factors, but also through the manner of antidiabetic therapy - i.e. through the selection of a particular antidiabetic agent. The article focuses on the current insights regarding CV safety of incretin-based therapy in both its forms, that is therapy acting based on the inhibition of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) and on glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1) agonism.