Background: The measurement of emotional awareness structure and its developmental level represents one of the key areas of neuropsychiatry and neuropsychology diagnostics in routine clinical practice or in affective neuroscience research. The Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale for Children (LEAS-C) is a unique psychodiagnostic and research tool that is beyond the capabilities of commonly used methods in this area. Aim: The aim of the study is to report first experience with the Czech translation of this scale in our circumstances, to describe the psychological theory behind this tool and to present the Czech LEAS-C adaptation selected psychometric properties. Material and methods: The LEAS-C was translated into the Czech using the forward-backward translation method. Complete data were obtained from 322 adolescents from primary and secondary schools (age: 14.98 +/- 1.49; 172 boys, 150 girls; no difference in age was found, t = -0.951; p > 0.05). Results: Internal consistency analyses of the LEAS showed satisfactory intra-test homogeneity (Total a = 0.76; Self a = 0.70; Others a = 0.66) and its reliability (test-retest:Total r = 0.73; Self r = 0.73; Others r = 0.59); mean value of answers in all LEAS-C items for three dimensions scored was: (Total 31.9 +/- 6.9; Self 28.4 +/- 6.9; Others 23.9 +/- 7.1). A significant difference was found between both boys and girls and between children from schools and colleges (girls and college students achieved higher LEAS-C scores in all three subscales p < 0.01). No association between age and LEAS-C performance was found (Total r = 0.11; p > 0.05; Self r = 0.07; p > 0.05), with the exception of subscale Others (r = 0.17; p<0.01), where an association was found. Conclusions: The Czech adaptation of the Levels of Emotional Awareness Scale for Children LEAS-C show adequate psychometric qualities, which allow for their clinical and scientific use. Implications for clinical and research contexts are discussed.