The manner in which Romania’s Communist regime used medieval art history is a fascinating phenomenon. After sketching in broad strokes the socio-political context and historiographic traditions under Communism, the article focuses on the period 1974–1989. In this span, the party designed and implemented a complex manipulation mechanism meant to inculcate in the country’s youth – a group to which the author belonged – a biased interpretation of the country’s past. Medieval art – a collateral victim – helped shape several generations’ national identity.