This paper focuses on the issues of mutual cultural and literary Czech-Slovak and Slovak-Czech relations in the 19th century. It points out the central questions and development issues that have been directly reflected in the forming of mutual relationship. In the analysis of Czech-Slovak relationships we will present an in-depth probe into the life of Rudolf Pokorný (1853-1887). He was a Czech personality who was zealously interested in Slovakia. We will not only focus on his personality, but also on his role and contribution to the development of Czech-Slovak relations. This report points out a new dimension in and presents another aspect of Czech-Slovak reciprocity and the contribution of Rudolf Pokorný. When studying Pokorný’s role in spreading reciprocity, we also examined both received and sent correspondence, which played an important role in maintaining and strengthening his contacts (including personal ones) with leading representatives of national life in Czech and Slovakia. Pokorný’s goal was to spread awareness about Slovakia in order to help and support its development, which he believed would help the Czech-Slovak rapprochement, that Pokorný desired the most.