Magnetic resonance imag ing (MRI) is cur rently a key component of multiple sclerosis dia gnostics. In addition to conventional techniques, based on the evaluat ion of the number and localization of visible brain and spinal cord lesions, in recent years we have seen a rapid development of new MRI techniques provid ing new quantitative bio markers which better characterize pathological structural changes in central nervous system tis sues occur r ing due to a demyelinat ing dis ease. This article sum marizes new trends in MRI dia gnostics of multiple sclerosis in terms of the technical foundations of diff erent methods, pos sibilities for data analysis and their practical use.