Chronic inflammation of the middle ear represents irreversible changes of the middle ear longer than 6 weeks. It is a serious illness in children because the primary symptoms are rare and often result in complications. Inflammation may progress to more severe forms that endanger the patient with lasting effects, including possible deafness. The aim of the article is to introduce chronic middle ear inflammation in children in a clear form, to highlight pediatricians in risk groups of children and also to the care that should be given to these children.