The authors found 220 reports focused on the treatment of chest trauma in available literature. From external fixations, the development of methods continued to internal fixations with sophisticated plates and screws. At the same time, the so-called pneumatic internal fixation (artificial lung ventilation) was abandoned for the benefit of osteosynthetic methods (ORIF). An active surgical approach to thoracic stabilization dates back to the beginning of the 20th century. After WWII the so-called period of the first renaissance began with the introduction of internal osteosynthesis. The period of the last ten years is called the second renaissance. Today, an active early complex surgical solution is preferred, which uses implants based on the principle of stable osteosynthesis.