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@article{1536659,
author = {Penner, Shira and Dror, Barak and Aviezer, Iris and BarandLev, Yamit and SalmanandMinkov, Ayelet and Mandáková, Terezie and Šmarda, Petr and Mayrose, Itay and Sapir, Yuval},
article_location = {Hoboken},
article_number = {2},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jse.12489},
keywords = {abiotic stress; adaptation; Brachypodium; climatic gradient; polyploidy},
language = {eng},
issn = {1674-4918},
journal = {Journal of Systematics and Evolution},
title = {Phenology and polyploidy in annual Brachypodium species (Poaceae) along the aridity gradient in Israel},
url = {https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jse.12489},
volume = {58},
year = {2020}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 1536659
AU - Penner, Shira - Dror, Barak - Aviezer, Iris - Bar-Lev, Yamit - Salman-Minkov, Ayelet - Mandáková, Terezie - Šmarda, Petr - Mayrose, Itay - Sapir, Yuval
PY - 2020
TI - Phenology and polyploidy in annual Brachypodium species (Poaceae) along the aridity gradient in Israel
JF - Journal of Systematics and Evolution
VL - 58
IS - 2
SP - 189-199
EP - 189-199
PB - Wiley
SN - 16744918
KW - abiotic stress
KW - adaptation
KW - Brachypodium
KW - climatic gradient
KW - polyploidy
UR - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jse.12489
L2 - https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/jse.12489
N2 - Local adaptation of plants along environmental gradients provides strong evidence for clinal evolution mediated by natural selection. Plants have developed diverse strategies to mitigate stress, for example, drought escape is a phenological strategy to avoid drought stress, while polyploidy was proposed as a genomic adaptation to stress. Polyploidy as an adaptation to aridity (an environmental parameter integrating temperature and precipitation) was previously documented in annual Brachypodium spp. (Poaceae) in the Western Mediterranean. Here, we examined whether polyploidy or phenology are associated with aridity in annual Brachypodium spp. along the aridity gradient in the Eastern Mediterranean. Using flow cytometry, we determined ploidy levels of plants from natural populations along the Israeli gradient, spanning 424 km from mesic Mediterranean to extreme desert climates. In a common garden we recorded time of seedling emergence, flowering and senescence. We tested whether the proportion of allotetraploids in the populations and phenological traits were associated with aridity. Contrary to a previous study in the Western Mediterranean, we found no effect of aridity on the proportion of allotetraploids and diploids within populations. Interestingly, phenology was associated with aridity: time of emergence was later, while flowering and senescence were earlier in desert plants. Our results indicate that in the Eastern Mediterranean, adaptation of Brachypodium to aridity is mediated mainly by phenology, rather than ploidy level. Therefore, we suggest that genome duplication is not the main driver of adaptation to environmental stress; rather, phenological change as a drought escape mechanism may be the major adaptation.
ER -
PENNER, Shira, Barak DROR, Iris AVIEZER, Yamit BAR-LEV, Ayelet SALMAN-MINKOV, Terezie MANDÁKOVÁ, Petr ŠMARDA, Itay MAYROSE and Yuval SAPIR. Phenology and polyploidy in annual Brachypodium species (Poaceae) along the aridity gradient in Israel. \textit{Journal of Systematics and Evolution}. Hoboken: Wiley, 2020, vol.~58, No~2, p.~189-199. ISSN~1674-4918. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jse.12489.
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