The prevalence of diabetes is on the rise worldwide especially in developed countries. The aim of glucose management in all types of diabetes is to minimize chronic and acute complications associated with diabetes. All patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) require insulin. Main areas of technology advances in diabetes are continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and also continuous glucose monitoring systems for the management of patients with both types of diabetes. It is very important to analyse the epidemiological situation within each country before and during the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) development and implementation. The analyses will allow us to monitor the effect of the CPG after its implementation. The aim of this short communication is to analyse the epidemiology of prevalence and incidence of diabetes mellitus and use of CSII to inform development of CPGs in the Czech Republic. The analysis is developed based on the data managed by Institute of Health Information and Statistics of the Czech Republic. We used the National Register of Reimbursed Health Services 2015–2017 as primary source, and the annual report type A (Ministry of Health) 1-01: for Diabetology (A MH 004) 2007–2017 was used as validation source. The presented data are related to the year 2016 because we were able to validate them based on the data from 2015 to 2017 for this cohort of patients. The number of patients with T1DM is increasing in the Czech Republic with no significant sex difference. Life expectancy is about 11 years lower in the T1DM population. The majority of the patients are in older age; however, these are not treated with CSII compared with the younger population. From 61 533 patients with T1DM, 81% were reported with acute and chronic complications in 2016. Only 5011 of these patients were reported as using CSII.