The Development of Generalized Motor Program in Constant and
Variable Practice Conditions

J 2019

The Development of Generalized Motor Program in Constant and Variable Practice Conditions

CZYŻ, Stanisław Henryk, Martin ZVONAŘ and Elric PRETORIUS

Basic information

Original name

The Development of Generalized Motor Program in Constant and Variable Practice Conditions

Authors

CZYŻ, Stanisław Henryk (616 Poland, guarantor, belonging to the institution), Martin ZVONAŘ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution) and Elric PRETORIUS (710 South Africa)

Edition

Frontiers in Psychology, LAUSANNE, FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2019, 1664-1078

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Článek v odborném periodiku

Field of Study

30306 Sport and fitness sciences

Country of publisher

Switzerland

Confidentiality degree

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

References:

URL

Impact factor

Impact factor: 2.067

RIV identification code

RIV/00216224:14510/19:00112621

Organization unit

Faculty of Sports Studies

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02760

UT WoS

000504284900001

Keywords in English

practice conditions; variability of practice; specificity of practice; especial skill; generalized motor program; motor learning

Abstract

V originále

The main objective of our study was to determine whether constant and variable practice conditions lead to the development of different memory representations (GMP) and as a result, they benefit performance of a skill differently. We compared one of the Generalized Motor Program (GMP) invariant features, i.e., relative timing, of the same variation of skill developed in constant and variable practice conditions. In two experiments, participants, naive to the basketball, were practicing free throws, receiving the same amount of practice. In constant conditions they practiced at one distance only (4.57 m), whereas in variable conditions they practiced at seven (2.74, 3.35, 3.96, 4.57, 5.18, 5.79, and 6.4 m) and five (3.35, 3.96, 4.57, 5.18, and 5.79 m) distances, in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. We found that relative timing of skills developed in constant and variable practice conditions is the same, confirming that these practice conditions form the same memory representation. However, we also observed that constant practice (CP) conditions resulted in overall shorter movement time as compared to the skill practiced in variable conditions. We hypothesized that it may be due to the facilitation of parameters assignment as it takes place in especial skill.

Citovat

CZYŻ, Stanisław Henryk, Martin ZVONAŘ and Elric PRETORIUS. The Development of Generalized Motor Program in Constant and Variable Practice Conditions. Frontiers in Psychology. LAUSANNE: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2019, vol. 10, No 2760, p. nestránkováno, 11 pp. ISSN 1664-1078. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02760.

@article{1607043,
   author = {Czyż, Stanisław Henryk and Zvonař, Martin and Pretorius, Elric},
   article_location = {LAUSANNE},
   article_number = {2760},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02760},
   keywords = {practice conditions; variability of practice; specificity of practice; especial skill; generalized motor program; motor learning},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {1664-1078},
   journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
   title = {The Development of Generalized Motor Program in Constant and Variable Practice Conditions},
   url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02760},
   volume = {10},
   year = {2019}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 1607043
AU  - Czyż, Stanisław Henryk - Zvonař, Martin - Pretorius, Elric
PY  - 2019
TI  - The Development of Generalized Motor Program in Constant and Variable Practice Conditions
JF  - Frontiers in Psychology
VL  - 10
IS  - 2760
SP  - nestránkováno
EP  - nestránkováno
PB  - FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
SN  - 16641078
KW  - practice conditions
KW  - variability of practice
KW  - specificity of practice
KW  - especial skill
KW  - generalized motor program
KW  - motor learning
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02760
L2  - http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02760
N2  - The main objective of our study was to determine whether constant and variable practice conditions lead to the development of different memory representations (GMP) and as a result, they benefit performance of a skill differently. We compared one of the Generalized Motor Program (GMP) invariant features, i.e., relative timing, of the same variation of skill developed in constant and variable practice conditions. In two experiments, participants, naive to the basketball, were practicing free throws, receiving the same amount of practice. In constant conditions they practiced at one distance only (4.57 m), whereas in variable conditions they practiced at seven (2.74, 3.35, 3.96, 4.57, 5.18, 5.79, and 6.4 m) and five (3.35, 3.96, 4.57, 5.18, and 5.79 m) distances, in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively. We found that relative timing of skills developed in constant and variable practice conditions is the same, confirming that these practice conditions form the same memory representation. However, we also observed that constant practice (CP) conditions resulted in overall shorter movement time as compared to the skill practiced in variable conditions. We hypothesized that it may be due to the facilitation of parameters assignment as it takes place in especial skill.
ER  -

CZY$\backslash$.Z, Stanisław Henryk, Martin ZVONAŘ and Elric PRETORIUS. The Development of Generalized Motor Program in Constant and Variable Practice Conditions. \textit{Frontiers in Psychology}. LAUSANNE: FRONTIERS MEDIA SA, 2019, vol.~10, No~2760, p.~nestránkováno, 11 pp. ISSN~1664-1078. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02760.

Detailed Information on Publication Record