Arterial thrombosis is a common complication in patients with Ph(-)myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). We searched for the risk factors of stroke in MPN patients from anagrelide registry. We analyzed the potential risk factors triggering a stroke/TIA event in 249 MPN patients with previous stroke (n = 168) or Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) (n = 140), and in 1,193 MPN control subjects (without clinical history of thrombosis). These patients were registered in a prospective manner, providing a follow-up period after Anagrelide treatment. The median age of the patients in the experimental group was of 56 years of age (ranging from 34-76) and of 53 years of age (ranging from 26-74) in the control group (p < 0.001). Using a multivariate model, we determined the following as risk factors: JAK2V617F mutation (OR 2.106, 1.458-3.043, p = 0.006), age (OR 1.017/year, 1.005-1,029, p = 0.006), male gender (OR 1.419, 1.057-1.903, p = 0.020), MPN diagnosis (OR for PMF 0.649, 0.446-0.944, p = 0.024), BMI (OR 0.687 for BMI > 25, 0.473-0.999, p = 0.05) and high TAG levels (OR 1.734, 1.162-2.586, p = 0.008), all of which were statistically significant for CMP development. Concerning the risk factors for thrombophilia, only the antiphospholipid syndrome (OR 1.994, 1.017-3.91, p = 0.048) was noteworthy in a stroke-relevant context. There was no significant difference between the blood count of the patients prior to a stroke event and the control group, both of which were under a cytoreductive treatment. We found that age, male gender, JAK2V617F mutation, previous venous thrombosis, and hypertriglyceridemia represent independent risk factors for the occurrence of a stroke in Ph-MPN patients.