It Takes Two Planets in Resonance to Tango around K2-146

J 2020

It Takes Two Planets in Resonance to Tango around K2-146

LAM, Kristine W. F., Judith KORTH, Kento MASUDA, Szilard CSIZMADIA, Philipp EIGMULLER et. al.

Basic information

Original name

It Takes Two Planets in Resonance to Tango around K2-146

Authors

LAM, Kristine W. F., Judith KORTH, Kento MASUDA, Szilard CSIZMADIA, Philipp EIGMULLER, Gumundur KARI STEFANSSON, Michael ENDL, Simon ALBRECHT, Paul ROBERTSON, Rafael LUQUE, John H. LIVINGSTON, Teruyuki HIRANO, Roi ALONSO SOBRINO, Oscar BARRAGAN, Juan CABRERA, Ilaria CARLEO, Alexander CHAUSHEV, William D. COCHRAN, Fei DAI, Jerome DE LEON, Hans J. DEEG, Anders ERIKSON, Massimiliano ESPOSITO, Malcolm FRIDLUND, Akihiko FUKUI, Davide GANDOLFI, Iskra GEORGIEVA, Luca GONZALEZ CUESTA, Sascha GRZIWA, Eike W. GUENTHER, Artie P. HATZES, Diego HIDALGO, Maria HJORTH, Petr KABATH, Emil KNUDSTRUP, Mikkel N. LUND, Suvrath MAHADEVAN, Savita MATHUR, Pilar MONTANES RODRIGUEZ, Felipe MURGAS, Norio NARITA, David NESPRAL, Prajwal NIRAULA, Enric PALLE, Martin PATZOLD, Carina M. PERSSON, Jorge PRIETO-ARRANZ, Heike RAUER, Seth REDFIELD, Ignasi RIBAS, Marek SKARKA (203 Czech Republic, guarantor, belonging to the institution), Alexis M. S. SMITH, Jan SUBJAK and Vincent VAN EYLEN

Edition

Astronomical Journal, Bristol, IOP Publishing Ltd. 2020, 0004-6256

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Článek v odborném periodiku

Field of Study

10308 Astronomy

Country of publisher

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Confidentiality degree

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

References:

URL

Impact factor

Impact factor: 6.263

RIV identification code

RIV/00216224:14310/20:00116998

Organization unit

Faculty of Science

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab66c9

UT WoS

000522479000029

Keywords in English

Exoplanet astronomy; Transit photometry; Timing variation methods; Mini Neptunes; Exoplanet systems; Photometry; Astrometric exoplanet detection; Transit timing variation method

Abstract

V originále

K2-146 is a cool, 0.358M dwarf that was found to host a mini-Neptune with a 2.67 day period. The planet exhibited strong transit timing variations (TTVs) of greater than 30 minutes, indicative of the presence of an additional object in the system. Here we report the discovery of the previously undetected outer planet in the system, K2-146 c, using additional photometric data. K2-146 c was found to have a grazing transit geometry and a 3.97 day period. The outer planet was only significantly detected in the latter K2 campaigns presumably because of precession of its orbital plane. The TTVs of K2-146 b and c were measured using observations spanning a baseline of almost 1200 days. We found strong anti -correlation in the TTVs, suggesting the two planets are gravitationally interacting. Our TTV and transit model analyses revealed that K2-146 b has a radius of 2.25 0.10 Re and a mass of 5.6 0.7 Me, whereas K2-146 c has a radius of 2.591 Re and a mass of 7.1 0.9 Me. The inner and outer planets likely have moderate eccentricities of e = 0.14 0.07 and 0.16 0.07, respectively. Long-term numerical integrations of the two -planet orbital solution show that it can be dynamically stable for at least 2 Myr. We show that the resonance angles of the planet pair are librating, which may be an indication that K2-146 b and c are in a 3:2 mean motion resonance. The orbital architecture of the system points to a possible convergent migration origin.

Citovat

LAM, Kristine W. F., Judith KORTH, Kento MASUDA, Szilard CSIZMADIA, Philipp EIGMULLER, Gumundur KARI STEFANSSON, Michael ENDL, Simon ALBRECHT, Paul ROBERTSON, Rafael LUQUE, John H. LIVINGSTON, Teruyuki HIRANO, Roi ALONSO SOBRINO, Oscar BARRAGAN, Juan CABRERA, Ilaria CARLEO, Alexander CHAUSHEV, William D. COCHRAN, Fei DAI, Jerome DE LEON, Hans J. DEEG, Anders ERIKSON, Massimiliano ESPOSITO, Malcolm FRIDLUND, Akihiko FUKUI, Davide GANDOLFI, Iskra GEORGIEVA, Luca GONZALEZ CUESTA, Sascha GRZIWA, Eike W. GUENTHER, Artie P. HATZES, Diego HIDALGO, Maria HJORTH, Petr KABATH, Emil KNUDSTRUP, Mikkel N. LUND, Suvrath MAHADEVAN, Savita MATHUR, Pilar MONTANES RODRIGUEZ, Felipe MURGAS, Norio NARITA, David NESPRAL, Prajwal NIRAULA, Enric PALLE, Martin PATZOLD, Carina M. PERSSON, Jorge PRIETO-ARRANZ, Heike RAUER, Seth REDFIELD, Ignasi RIBAS, Marek SKARKA, Alexis M. S. SMITH, Jan SUBJAK and Vincent VAN EYLEN. It Takes Two Planets in Resonance to Tango around K2-146. Astronomical Journal. Bristol: IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020, vol. 159, No 3, p. 1-17. ISSN 0004-6256. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab66c9.

@article{1696136,
   author = {Lam, Kristine W. F. and Korth, Judith and Masuda, Kento and Csizmadia, Szilard and Eigmuller, Philipp and Kari Stefansson, Gumundur and Endl, Michael and Albrecht, Simon and Robertson, Paul and Luque, Rafael and Livingston, John H. and Hirano, Teruyuki and Alonso Sobrino, Roi and Barragan, Oscar and Cabrera, Juan and Carleo, Ilaria and Chaushev, Alexander and Cochran, William D. and Dai, Fei and de Leon, Jerome and Deeg, Hans J. and Erikson, Anders and Esposito, Massimiliano and Fridlund, Malcolm and Fukui, Akihiko and Gandolfi, Davide and Georgieva, Iskra and Gonzalez Cuesta, Luca and Grziwa, Sascha and Guenther, Eike W. and Hatzes, Artie P. and Hidalgo, Diego and Hjorth, Maria and Kabath, Petr and Knudstrup, Emil and Lund, Mikkel N. and Mahadevan, Suvrath and Mathur, Savita and Montanes Rodriguez, Pilar and Murgas, Felipe and Narita, Norio and Nespral, David and Niraula, Prajwal and Palle, Enric and Patzold, Martin and Persson, Carina M. and PrietoandArranz, Jorge and Rauer, Heike and Redfield, Seth and Ribas, Ignasi and Skarka, Marek and Smith, Alexis M. S. and Subjak, Jan and Van Eylen, Vincent},
   article_location = {Bristol},
   article_number = {3},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab66c9},
   keywords = {Exoplanet astronomy; Transit photometry; Timing variation methods; Mini Neptunes; Exoplanet systems; Photometry; Astrometric exoplanet detection; Transit timing variation method},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {0004-6256},
   journal = {Astronomical Journal},
   title = {It Takes Two Planets in Resonance to Tango around K2-146},
   url = {https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab66c9},
   volume = {159},
   year = {2020}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 1696136
AU  - Lam, Kristine W. F. - Korth, Judith - Masuda, Kento - Csizmadia, Szilard - Eigmuller, Philipp - Kari Stefansson, Gumundur - Endl, Michael - Albrecht, Simon - Robertson, Paul - Luque, Rafael - Livingston, John H. - Hirano, Teruyuki - Alonso Sobrino, Roi - Barragan, Oscar - Cabrera, Juan - Carleo, Ilaria - Chaushev, Alexander - Cochran, William D. - Dai, Fei - de Leon, Jerome - Deeg, Hans J. - Erikson, Anders - Esposito, Massimiliano - Fridlund, Malcolm - Fukui, Akihiko - Gandolfi, Davide - Georgieva, Iskra - Gonzalez Cuesta, Luca - Grziwa, Sascha - Guenther, Eike W. - Hatzes, Artie P. - Hidalgo, Diego - Hjorth, Maria - Kabath, Petr - Knudstrup, Emil - Lund, Mikkel N. - Mahadevan, Suvrath - Mathur, Savita - Montanes Rodriguez, Pilar - Murgas, Felipe - Narita, Norio - Nespral, David - Niraula, Prajwal - Palle, Enric - Patzold, Martin - Persson, Carina M. - Prieto-Arranz, Jorge - Rauer, Heike - Redfield, Seth - Ribas, Ignasi - Skarka, Marek - Smith, Alexis M. S. - Subjak, Jan - Van Eylen, Vincent
PY  - 2020
TI  - It Takes Two Planets in Resonance to Tango around K2-146
JF  - Astronomical Journal
VL  - 159
IS  - 3
SP  - 1-17
EP  - 1-17
PB  - IOP Publishing Ltd.
SN  - 00046256
KW  - Exoplanet astronomy
KW  - Transit photometry
KW  - Timing variation methods
KW  - Mini Neptunes
KW  - Exoplanet systems
KW  - Photometry
KW  - Astrometric exoplanet detection
KW  - Transit timing variation method
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab66c9
L2  - https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab66c9
N2  - K2-146 is a cool, 0.358M dwarf that was found to host a mini-Neptune with a 2.67 day period. The planet exhibited strong transit timing variations (TTVs) of greater than 30 minutes, indicative of the presence of an additional object in the system. Here we report the discovery of the previously undetected outer planet in the system, K2-146 c, using additional photometric data. K2-146 c was found to have a grazing transit geometry and a 3.97 day period. The outer planet was only significantly detected in the latter K2 campaigns presumably because of precession of its orbital plane. The TTVs of K2-146 b and c were measured using observations spanning a baseline of almost 1200 days. We found strong anti -correlation in the TTVs, suggesting the two planets are gravitationally interacting. Our TTV and transit model analyses revealed that K2-146 b has a radius of 2.25 0.10 Re and a mass of 5.6 0.7 Me, whereas K2-146 c has a radius of 2.591 Re and a mass of 7.1 0.9 Me. The inner and outer planets likely have moderate eccentricities of e = 0.14 0.07 and 0.16 0.07, respectively. Long-term numerical integrations of the two -planet orbital solution show that it can be dynamically stable for at least 2 Myr. We show that the resonance angles of the planet pair are librating, which may be an indication that K2-146 b and c are in a 3:2 mean motion resonance. The orbital architecture of the system points to a possible convergent migration origin.
ER  -

LAM, Kristine W. F., Judith KORTH, Kento MASUDA, Szilard CSIZMADIA, Philipp EIGMULLER, Gumundur KARI STEFANSSON, Michael ENDL, Simon ALBRECHT, Paul ROBERTSON, Rafael LUQUE, John H. LIVINGSTON, Teruyuki HIRANO, Roi ALONSO SOBRINO, Oscar BARRAGAN, Juan CABRERA, Ilaria CARLEO, Alexander CHAUSHEV, William D. COCHRAN, Fei DAI, Jerome DE LEON, Hans J. DEEG, Anders ERIKSON, Massimiliano ESPOSITO, Malcolm FRIDLUND, Akihiko FUKUI, Davide GANDOLFI, Iskra GEORGIEVA, Luca GONZALEZ CUESTA, Sascha GRZIWA, Eike W. GUENTHER, Artie P. HATZES, Diego HIDALGO, Maria HJORTH, Petr KABATH, Emil KNUDSTRUP, Mikkel N. LUND, Suvrath MAHADEVAN, Savita MATHUR, Pilar MONTANES RODRIGUEZ, Felipe MURGAS, Norio NARITA, David NESPRAL, Prajwal NIRAULA, Enric PALLE, Martin PATZOLD, Carina M. PERSSON, Jorge PRIETO-ARRANZ, Heike RAUER, Seth REDFIELD, Ignasi RIBAS, Marek SKARKA, Alexis M. S. SMITH, Jan SUBJAK and Vincent VAN EYLEN. It Takes Two Planets in Resonance to Tango around K2-146. \textit{Astronomical Journal}. Bristol: IOP Publishing Ltd., 2020, vol.~159, No~3, p.~1-17. ISSN~0004-6256. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab66c9.

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