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@article{1721256,
author = {Katina, Stanislav and Kelly, Brendan D. and Rojas, Mario A. and Sukno, Federico M. and McDermott, Aoibhinn and Hennessy, Robin J. and Lane, Abbie and Whelan, Paul F. and Bowman, Adrian W. and Waddington, John L.},
article_location = {Clare},
article_number = {September 2020},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113243},
keywords = {Bipolar disorder; Neurodevelopment; Craniofacial dysmorphology; Brain dysmorphogenesis; Geometric morphometrics},
language = {eng},
issn = {0165-1781},
journal = {Psychiatry Research},
title = {Refining the resolution of craniofacial dysmorphology in bipolar disorder as an index of brain dysmorphogenesis},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113243},
volume = {291},
year = {2020}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 1721256
AU - Katina, Stanislav - Kelly, Brendan D. - Rojas, Mario A. - Sukno, Federico M. - McDermott, Aoibhinn - Hennessy, Robin J. - Lane, Abbie - Whelan, Paul F. - Bowman, Adrian W. - Waddington, John L.
PY - 2020
TI - Refining the resolution of craniofacial dysmorphology in bipolar disorder as an index of brain dysmorphogenesis
JF - Psychiatry Research
VL - 291
IS - September 2020
SP - 1-6
EP - 1-6
PB - Elsevier
SN - 01651781
KW - Bipolar disorder
KW - Neurodevelopment
KW - Craniofacial dysmorphology
KW - Brain dysmorphogenesis
KW - Geometric morphometrics
UR - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113243
L2 - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113243
N2 - As understanding of the genetics of bipolar disorder increases, controversy endures regarding whether the origins of this illness include early maldevelopment. Clarification would be facilitated by a 'hard' biological index of fetal developmental abnormality, among which craniofacial dysmorphology bears the closest embryological relationship to brain dysmorphogenesis. Therefore, 3D laser surface imaging was used to capture the facial surface of 21 patients with bipolar disorder and 45 control subjects; 21 patients with schizophrenia were also studied. Surface images were subjected to geometric morphometric analysis in non-affine space for more incisive resolution of subtle, localised dysmorphologies that might distinguish patients from controls. Complex and more biologically informative, non-linear changes distinguished bipolar patients from control subjects. On a background of minor dysmorphology of the upper face, maxilla, midface and periorbital regions, bipolar disorder was characterised primarily by the following dysmorphologies: (a) retrusion and shortening of the premaxilla, nose, philtrum, lips and mouth (the frontonasal prominences), with (b) some protrusion and widening of the mandible-chin. The topography of facial dysmorphology in bipolar disorder indicates disruption to early development in the frontonasal process and, on embryological grounds, cerebral dysmorphogenesis in the forebrain, most likely between the 10th and 15th week of fetal life.
ER -
KATINA, Stanislav, Brendan D. KELLY, Mario A. ROJAS, Federico M. SUKNO, Aoibhinn MCDERMOTT, Robin J. HENNESSY, Abbie LANE, Paul F. WHELAN, Adrian W. BOWMAN and John L. WADDINGTON. Refining the resolution of craniofacial dysmorphology in bipolar disorder as an index of brain dysmorphogenesis. \textit{Psychiatry Research}. Clare: Elsevier, 2020, vol.~291, September 2020, p.~1-6. ISSN~0165-1781. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113243.
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