Ratni dnevnik poraženog. O čemu govore slike i zapisi češkog oficira austrougarske vojske sa balkanskog ratišta?

ŠTĚPÁNEK, Václav. Ratni dnevnik poraženog. O čemu govore slike i zapisi češkog oficira austrougarske vojske sa balkanskog ratišta? (The War Diary of the Defeated. What Speaks Photos and Notes of a Czech Officer from the Austro-Hungarian Army from the Balkan Battlefield?). In Ljubodrag P. Ristić. Veliki rat 1914-1918. u memoarima i ratnim dnevnicima. 1. vydání. Niš (Srbsko): Narodni muzej Niš, 2020, p. 253-266. ISBN 978-86-83019-63-2.

Basic information

• Original name: Ratni dnevnik poraženog. O čemu govore slike i zapisi češkog oficira austrougarske vojske sa balkanskog ratišta?
• Name (in English): The War Diary of the Defeated. What Speaks Photos and Notes of a Czech Officer from the Austro-Hungarian Army from the Balkan Battlefield?
• Authors: ŠTĚPÁNEK, Václav (203 Czech Republic, guarantor, belonging to the institution).
• Edition: 1. vydání. Niš (Srbsko), Veliki rat 1914-1918. u memoarima i ratnim dnevnicima, p. 253-266, 14 pp. 2020.
• Publisher: Narodni muzej Niš

Other information

• Original language: Serbian
• Type of outcome: Proceedings paper
• Field of Study: 60101 History
• Country of publisher: Serbia
• Confidentiality degree: is not subject to a state or trade secret
• Publication form: printed version "print"
• RIV identification code: RIV/00216224:14210/20:00117902
• Organization unit: Faculty of Arts
• ISBN: 978-86-83019-63-2
• Keywords in English: Great War; Diary; the Austro-Hungarian Army; Balkan Campaign; Serbia; Montenegro; Albania
• Tags: RIV - zkontrolováno, rivok
• Tags: Reviewed

Abstract

Memoari učesnika u Prvom svetskom ratu, a posebno onih u raznim četama čehoslovačkih legija, objavljivani su nakon Prvog svetskog rata veoma često. Međutim, hije se sačuvalo mnogo originalnih ratnih dnevika stvaranih direktno u rovovima ili tokom pohoda. Posebno ne onih čiji su autori tokom celog rata ostali „verni caru“, mada su o svrsishodnosti ratovanja imali svoje mišljenje. Ratni dnevnik natporučnika 20. brdske brigade XIX korpusa austrougarske vojske Hineka Doležala predstavlja u tom smislu izuzetno svedočanstvo, jer se zasniva isključivo na fotografskoj dokumentaciji i u tom pogledu je jedinstven. Njegov dnevnik predstavlja detaljnu dokumentaciju ratnih pohoda koji su za brigadu počeli u zimskim mesecima 1914. godine u Bosni, 1915. nastavljeni prema Srbiji, a naredne godine dalje ka Crnoj Gori, Albaniji i Makedoniji, odakle se nakon proboja Solunskog fronta 1918. brigada povukla nazad u Monarhiju koja je bila pred raspadom. Iako je Doležal bio pripadnik austrijske vojske, u propratnom tekstu fotografija očito je njegovo češko poreklo i simpatije prema „srpskom i crnogorskom neprijatelju“. Celokupan dnevnik tako predstavlja ne samo svedočanstvo ratnih operacija, ali i važan etnografski izvor i dokument mišlenja češkog oficira u austrougarskoj vojsci.

Abstract (in English)

The memoirs of participants in the First World War, in particular relating to the battles fought by the various units of the Czechoslovak Legion, were very common after the First World War. However, many of the original war diaries, which were written by their authors directly in the trenches or during a campaign often did not survive. This related in particular to those who remained 'loyal to the emperor' throughout the war, even though they had their own ideas about the war. One good example of this is the diary of Hynek Doležal, a lieutenant in the 20th mountain brigade of the 3rd Austro-Hungarian army. As it is made up mainly of photographic material, his diary is naturally quite unique. This diary, therefore, comprehensively documents the field campaigns which the brigade began in the winter months of 1914 in Bosnia, continuing into Serbia in 1915 and then the next year into Montenegro, Albania and Macedonia, from where in 1918, following the breakthrough at the Salonica Front, the brigade retreated back to the disintegrating monarchy. Despite the fact that Doležal was in the Austrian army, his Czechness is evident from the descriptions accompanying his photographs as well as his sympathy for the 'Serb and Montenegrin enemy'. Therefore, the diary is not only a record of military operations, but also an important ethnographic source and document of the ideas of a highly placed Czech officer in the Austro-Hungarian army.