The paper deals with the coordination of family allowances within the framework of the EU. It focuses, in particular, on the purpose of coordination of social security benefits as a result of the right to free movement of persons and free movement of workers. Particular attention is paid to the notion of family allowances for the purpose of coordination in the EU law and the interpretation of the meaning of family allowances in the case-law of the Court of Justice of the EU. In addition, the paper includes evaluation which particular family allowances stated by the national law of the Czech Republic are subjected to coordination of social security systems as family allowances.