A Crystallographically Supported Equation for Calculating Water
in Emerald from the Sodium Content

J 2021

A Crystallographically Supported Equation for Calculating Water in Emerald from the Sodium Content

RHIANA, Henry E.; Lee A. GROAT; R. James EVANS; Jan CEMPÍREK; Radek ŠKODA et. al.

Základní údaje

Originální název

A Crystallographically Supported Equation for Calculating Water in Emerald from the Sodium Content

Autoři

RHIANA, Henry E. (garant); Lee A. GROAT; R. James EVANS; Jan CEMPÍREK (203 Česká republika, domácí) a Radek ŠKODA (203 Česká republika, domácí)

Vydání

Canadian Mineralogist, Mineralogical Association of Canada, 2021, 0008-4476

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Článek v odborném periodiku

Obor

10504 Mineralogy

Stát vydavatele

Kanada

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Odkazy

URL

Impakt faktor

Impact factor: 0.817

Kód RIV

RIV/00216224:14310/21:00122264

Organizační jednotka

Přírodovědecká fakulta

DOI

https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2000076

UT WoS

000678343300002

EID Scopus

2-s2.0-85112442639

Klíčová slova anglicky

beryl; emerald; water; sodium; single-crystal X-ray diffraction

Štítky

rivok

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 6. 9. 2021 13:54, Mgr. Marie Novosadová Šípková, DiS.

Anotace

V originále

Emerald is the most well-recognized beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) variety, and although it has been extensively studied, a satisfactory method for quantifying the water content within the structural channels of the crystal lattice has yet to be proposed. Water is frequently present in the structural channels of beryl and can occur in two orientations (Type I and Type II). While spectroscopic methods are ideal for determining the orientation of the water molecules, measuring the overall water content often requires expensive or destructive analytical techniques. Sodium is necessary to charge-balance divalent cation substitutions at the Al site of beryl; it is also correlated with H2O in the structural channels, which typically occurs as Type II water. In this study, we present equations that can be used to easily calculate the H2O content of an emerald beryl with significant Na+ content based on either Na+ apfu or Na2O weight percent. Unlike previous work, these equations are derived from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data which can be used to accurately measure both the Na+ and H2O contents. We checked the validity of the data using electron probe microanalyses for elements heavier than O. We compared the results with hypothetical scenarios in which different cation substitutions are prevalent, as weight percentages are variable based on the elemental contents. Our results indicate that Na+ or Na2O weight percent can be used to calculate H2O content in emerald beryl with reasonable accuracy, which will allow future researchers to use a simple calculation instead of expensive or destructive techniques when determining H2O content in emeralds.

Citovat

RHIANA, Henry E.; Lee A. GROAT; R. James EVANS; Jan CEMPÍREK a Radek ŠKODA. A Crystallographically Supported Equation for Calculating Water in Emerald from the Sodium Content. Canadian Mineralogist. Mineralogical Association of Canada, 2021, roč. 59, č. 2, s. 337-354. ISSN 0008-4476. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2000076.

@article{1790081,
   author = {Rhiana, Henry E. and Groat, Lee A. and Evans, R. James and Cempírek, Jan and Škoda, Radek},
   article_number = {2},
   doi = {https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2000076},
   keywords = {beryl; emerald; water; sodium; single-crystal X-ray diffraction},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {0008-4476},
   journal = {Canadian Mineralogist},
   title = {A Crystallographically Supported Equation for Calculating Water in Emerald from the Sodium Content},
   url = {https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2000076},
   volume = {59},
   year = {2021}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 1790081
AU  - Rhiana, Henry E. - Groat, Lee A. - Evans, R. James - Cempírek, Jan - Škoda, Radek
PY  - 2021
TI  - A Crystallographically Supported Equation for Calculating Water in Emerald from the Sodium Content
JF  - Canadian Mineralogist
VL  - 59
IS  - 2
SP  - 337-354
EP  - 337-354
PB  - Mineralogical Association of Canada
SN  - 00084476
KW  - beryl
KW  - emerald
KW  - water
KW  - sodium
KW  - single-crystal X-ray diffraction
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2000076
N2  - Emerald is the most well-recognized beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) variety, and although it has been extensively studied, a satisfactory method for quantifying the water content within the structural channels of the crystal lattice has yet to be proposed. Water is frequently present in the structural channels of beryl and can occur in two orientations (Type I and Type II). While spectroscopic methods are ideal for determining the orientation of the water molecules, measuring the overall water content often requires expensive or destructive analytical techniques. Sodium is necessary to charge-balance divalent cation substitutions at the Al site of beryl; it is also correlated with H2O in the structural channels, which typically occurs as Type II water. In this study, we present equations that can be used to easily calculate the H2O content of an emerald beryl with significant Na+ content based on either Na+ apfu or Na2O weight percent. Unlike previous work, these equations are derived from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data which can be used to accurately measure both the Na+ and H2O contents. We checked the validity of the data using electron probe microanalyses for elements heavier than O. We compared the results with hypothetical scenarios in which different cation substitutions are prevalent, as weight percentages are variable based on the elemental contents. Our results indicate that Na+ or Na2O weight percent can be used to calculate H2O content in emerald beryl with reasonable accuracy, which will allow future researchers to use a simple calculation instead of expensive or destructive techniques when determining H2O content in emeralds.
ER  -

RHIANA, Henry E.; Lee A. GROAT; R. James EVANS; Jan CEMPÍREK a Radek ŠKODA. A Crystallographically Supported Equation for Calculating Water in Emerald from the Sodium Content. \textit{Canadian Mineralogist}. Mineralogical Association of Canada, 2021, roč.~59, č.~2, s.~337-354. ISSN~0008-4476. Dostupné z: https://doi.org/10.3749/canmin.2000076.

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