Prilog proučavanju češko-srpskih veza : Česi i Srbi iz austrougarskih zemalja u prvoj srpskoj dobrovoljačkoj diviziji na frontu u Dobrudži

ŠTĚPÁNEK, Václav. Prilog proučavanju češko-srpskih veza : Česi i Srbi iz austrougarskih zemalja u prvoj srpskoj dobrovoljačkoj diviziji na frontu u Dobrudži (Contribution to Research on Czech-Serbian Relations : Czechs and Serbs from Austro-Hungarian Countries in the First Serbian Volunteer Division on the Front Line in Dobruja). In Štěpánek, Václav et al. Savremena srpska i češka slavistička istraživanja / Současná srbská a česká slavistická bádání. 1. vydání. Brno: Ústav slavistiky FF MU, 2021, p. 49-64. ISBN 978-80-263-1699-2.

Basic information

• Original name: Prilog proučavanju češko-srpskih veza : Česi i Srbi iz austrougarskih zemalja u prvoj srpskoj dobrovoljačkoj diviziji na frontu u Dobrudži
• Name (in English): Contribution to Research on Czech-Serbian Relations : Czechs and Serbs from Austro-Hungarian Countries in the First Serbian Volunteer Division on the Front Line in Dobruja
• Authors: ŠTĚPÁNEK, Václav (203 Czech Republic, guarantor, belonging to the institution).
• Edition: 1. vydání. Brno, Savremena srpska i češka slavistička istraživanja / Současná srbská a česká slavistická bádání, p. 49-64, 16 pp. 2021.
• Publisher: Ústav slavistiky FF MU

Other information

• Original language: Serbian
• Type of outcome: Proceedings paper
• Field of Study: 60101 History
• Country of publisher: Czech Republic
• Confidentiality degree: is not subject to a state or trade secret
• Publication form: printed version "print"
• RIV identification code: RIV/00216224:14210/21:00123590
• Organization unit: Faculty of Arts
• ISBN: 978-80-263-1699-2
• Keywords in English: Great war; prisoners of war; Czech volunteers; Serbian volunteer division; front line in Dobruja.
• Tags: rivok
• Tags: Reviewed

Abstract

Ni u češkoj ni u srpskoj javnosti nije dovoljno poznata činjenica da su češki vojnici i posebno oficiri učestvovali u borbenim dejstvima prve srpske dobrovoljačke divizije na frontu u Dobrudži. Srpske vlasti su u Rusiji pokušale da osnuju izbegličku vojsku iz redova zarobljenih Srba iz austrougarske vojske, koja bi tokom savezničkih kampanja operisala na Balkanskom poluostrvu i čiji bi zadatak bio da doprinese oslobođenju okupirane zemlje. Tako je u Odesi početkom 1916. godine počelo formiranje srpske dobrovoljačke divizije. Mnogo zarobljenih Čeha je odlučilo da stupi u ovu novoformiranu srpsku vojsku, pošto su im ruski organi branili da pristupe, namerno veoma sporo formiranoj, češkoj jedinici u Kijevu. Česi su se u srpskoj diviziji borili u Dobrudži protiv bugarskih i nemačkih jedinica. Studija se temelji na uspomenama čeških oficira-dobrovoljaca i na arhivskoj građi. Kako u uspomenama, tako i u građi nalazimo tonove razočaranja prilikama u diviziji, posebno posle razbijanja divizije u borbama u Dobrudži. Češki oficiri-dobrovoljci se žale na bezosećajno ponašanje srpskih visokih oficira prema svojim vojnicima, na prisilno vrbovanje srpskih, ali i hrvatskih vojnika u ruskim zarobljeničkim logorima, na batinanje i druge kazne i uopšte na nedostatak demokratskog duha. Ove činjenjice nisu u srpskoj istoriografiji dovoljno poznate. To je bio jedan od razloga što se većina čeških dobrovoljaca ispisala iz redova divizije. Kasnije su ti borci zauzimali istaknute položaje u čehoslovačkim legijama formiranim u Rusiji i te položaje su zadržali i po povratku u otadžbinu.

Abstract (in English)

The fact that Czech soldiers and especially officers participated in the combat actions of the first Serbian volunteer division on the front line in Dobruja is not well known in the Czech or Serbian public. Serbian authorities tried to set up a refugee army in Russia. The army was to be formed from the ranks of captured Serbs from the Austro-Hungarian army and would operate on the Balkans during the campaigns of the Entente Powers and whose task would be to contribute to the liberation of the occupied country. Thus, in the beginning of 1916, the formation of the Serbian volunteer division began in Odessa. To the Serbian Volunteer Division entered a large number of Czech prisoners of war, especially officers, as the Russian authorities prevented them from joining deliberately very slowly formed Czech division in Kiev. With the Serbian division they fought in Dobruja against the Bulgarian and German troops. The study is based on written memories of Czech officers and on archival sources. Both in the memoirs and in the sources we find tones of disillusionment with the conditions in the Serbian division, especially after the defeat in Dobruja. Czech volunteers complained about high-ranking Serbian officers and their mistreatment of ordinary soldiers, the forcible recruitment of Serbian but also Croatian prisoners of war from Russian prison camps, harsh physical punishment, and a lack of democratic spirit 1 in the division. These facts are not very well known in Serbian historiography. This is one of the reasons why a large part of the Czech volunteers left the Serbian division. Many of them later occupied prominent positions in Czechoslovak legions formed in Russia and retained these positions after returning to their homeland.

Links

• MUNI/A/1331/2020, interní kód MU: Name: Mezislovanské kulturní a literární vazby

Investor: Masaryk University