Quantification and identification of bile acids in saliva by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Possible non-invasive diagnostics of Barrett's esophagus?

DOSEDĚLOVÁ, Věra, Marketa LASTOVICKOVA, Juan F AYALA-CABRERA, Jiří DOLINA, Štefan KONEČNÝ, Oliver J. SCHMITZ and Petr KUBÁŇ. Quantification and identification of bile acids in saliva by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Possible non-invasive diagnostics of Barrett's esophagus? Journal of Chromatography A. Amsterdam: ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2022, vol. 1676, August 2022, p. 1-13. ISSN 0021-9673. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463287.

Basic information

• Original name: Quantification and identification of bile acids in saliva by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry: Possible non-invasive diagnostics of Barrett's esophagus?
• Authors: DOSEDĚLOVÁ, Věra (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Marketa LASTOVICKOVA (203 Czech Republic), Juan F AYALA-CABRERA, Jiří DOLINA (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Štefan KONEČNÝ (703 Slovakia, belonging to the institution), Oliver J. SCHMITZ and Petr KUBÁŇ (203 Czech Republic).
• Edition: Journal of Chromatography A, Amsterdam, ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2022, 0021-9673.

Other information

• Original language: English
• Type of outcome: Article in a journal
• Field of Study: 30219 Gastroenterology and hepatology
• Country of publisher: Netherlands
• Confidentiality degree: is not subject to a state or trade secret
• WWW: URL
• Impact factor: Impact factor: 4.100
• RIV identification code: RIV/00216224:14740/22:00128067
• Organization unit: Central European Institute of Technology
• Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463287
• UT WoS: 000834927200006
• Keywords in English: Barrett’s esophagus; Bileacids; LC-MS; Salivaanalysis; Solid-phaseextraction
• Tags: 14110213, podil, rivok
• Tags: International impact, Reviewed

Abstract

Bile acids are a group of steroid compounds essential for lipid digestion. However, when bile acids are refluxed into the stomach and the esophagus, during the so called duodenogastroesophageal reflux, they can have a detrimental effect on the esophageal epithelium and cause pathological changes of esophageal tissue, e.g., Barrett's esophagus (BE). The levels of bile acids in saliva could therefore serve as possi-ble biomarkers for the diagnostics of BE. In this work, we focused on optimization of sample collection and preparation by solid-phase extraction and subsequent quantification of 11 bile acids (unconjugated, glycine-conjugated) in saliva from healthy volunteers and BE patients by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to triple-quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry. Moreover, high resolution MS (Orbitrap-MS) was utilized for identification of new bile acids in saliva. Methods for saliva collection in-cluding simple spitting and the Salivette (R) saliva collection system were compared; the latter was found to be unsuitable due to excessive retention of bile acids in the cotton swab. Methanol with 0.1% formic acid were selected for protein precipitation and bile acid extraction prior to SPE. Separation was per-formed in gradient elution of methanol and 0.1% formic acid in less than 10 min. Saliva from BE patients contained higher levels of almost all bile acids, and the tested groups could be distinguished by princi-pal component analysis. In untargeted analysis by high resolution MS, taurine-conjugated bile acids and glycine-conjugated dihydroxy-bile acid sulfate were identified in saliva from healthy volunteers. We pro-pose that analysis of salivary bile acids including taurine conjugates could be applicable in diagnostics of BE, following a larger clinical study.