Unexpectedly high diversity of trypanosomes in small
sub-Saharan mammals

J 2022

Unexpectedly high diversity of trypanosomes in small sub-Saharan mammals

VOTÝPKA, Jan, Eva STŘÍBRNÁ, David MODRÝ, Josef BRYJA, Anna BRYJOVÁ et. al.

Basic information

Original name

Unexpectedly high diversity of trypanosomes in small sub-Saharan mammals

Authors

VOTÝPKA, Jan (guarantor), Eva STŘÍBRNÁ, David MODRÝ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Josef BRYJA, Anna BRYJOVÁ and Julius LUKEŠ

Edition

International Journal for Parasitology, Oxford, Elsevier Science Ltd. 2022, 0020-7519

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Článek v odborném periodiku

Field of Study

30310 Parasitology

Country of publisher

United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland

Confidentiality degree

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

References:

URL

Impact factor

Impact factor: 4.000

RIV identification code

RIV/00216224:14310/22:00128170

Organization unit

Faculty of Science

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2022.06.002

UT WoS

000894203300002

Keywords in English

Zoonosis; Trypanosoma; Herpetosoma; Africa; Rodents; Biodiversity; Host specificity

Abstract

V originále

The extremely species-rich genus Trypanosoma has recently been divided into 16 subgenera, most of which show fairly high host specificity, including the subgenus Herpetosoma parasitizing mainly rodents. Although most Herpetosoma spp. are highly host-specific, the best-known representative, Trypanosoma lewisi, has a cosmopolitan distribution and low host specificity. The present study investigates the general diversity of small mammal trypanosomes in East and Central Africa and the penetration of invasive T. lewisi into communities of native rodents. An extensive study of blood and tissue samples from Afrotropical micromammals (1528 rodents, 135 shrews, and five sengis belonging to 37 genera and 133 species) captured in the Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia revealed 187 (11.2%) trypanosome-positive individuals. The prevalence of trypanosomes in host genera ranged from 2.1% in Aethomys to 37.1% in Lemniscomys. The only previously known trypanosome detected in our dataset was T. lewisi, newly found in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania in a wide range of native rodent hosts. Besides T. lewisi, 18S rRNA sequencing revealed 48 additional unique Herpetosoma genotypes representing at least 15 putative new species, which doubles the known sequence-based diversity of this subgenus, and approaches the true species richness in the study area. The other two genotypes represent two new species belonging to the subgenera Ornithotrypanum and Squamatrypanum. The trypanosomes of white-toothed shrews (Crocidura spp.) form a new phylogroup of Herpetosoma, unrelated to flagellates previously detected in insectivores. With 13 documented species, Ethiopia was the richest region for trypanosome diversity, which corresponds to the very diverse environments and generally high biodiversity of this country. We conclude that besides T. lewisi, the subgenus Herpetosoma is highly host-specific (e.g., species parasitizing the rodent genera Acomys and Gerbilliscus). Furthermore, several newly detected trypanosome species are specific to their endemic hosts, such as brush-furred mice (Lophuromys), dormice (Graphiurus), and white-toothed shrews (Crocidura). (c) 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology.

Citovat

VOTÝPKA, Jan, Eva STŘÍBRNÁ, David MODRÝ, Josef BRYJA, Anna BRYJOVÁ and Julius LUKEŠ. Unexpectedly high diversity of trypanosomes in small sub-Saharan mammals. International Journal for Parasitology. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd., 2022, vol. 52, No 10, p. 647-658. ISSN 0020-7519. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2022.06.002.

@article{2248060,
   author = {Votýpka, Jan and Stříbrná, Eva and Modrý, David and Bryja, Josef and Bryjová, Anna and Lukeš, Julius},
   article_location = {Oxford},
   article_number = {10},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2022.06.002},
   keywords = {Zoonosis; Trypanosoma; Herpetosoma; Africa; Rodents; Biodiversity; Host specificity},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {0020-7519},
   journal = {International Journal for Parasitology},
   title = {Unexpectedly high diversity of trypanosomes in small sub-Saharan mammals},
   url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2022.06.002},
   volume = {52},
   year = {2022}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2248060
AU  - Votýpka, Jan - Stříbrná, Eva - Modrý, David - Bryja, Josef - Bryjová, Anna - Lukeš, Julius
PY  - 2022
TI  - Unexpectedly high diversity of trypanosomes in small sub-Saharan mammals
JF  - International Journal for Parasitology
VL  - 52
IS  - 10
SP  - 647-658
EP  - 647-658
PB  - Elsevier Science Ltd.
SN  - 00207519
KW  - Zoonosis
KW  - Trypanosoma
KW  - Herpetosoma
KW  - Africa
KW  - Rodents
KW  - Biodiversity
KW  - Host specificity
UR  - https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2022.06.002
N2  - The extremely species-rich genus Trypanosoma has recently been divided into 16 subgenera, most of which show fairly high host specificity, including the subgenus Herpetosoma parasitizing mainly rodents. Although most Herpetosoma spp. are highly host-specific, the best-known representative, Trypanosoma lewisi, has a cosmopolitan distribution and low host specificity. The present study investigates the general diversity of small mammal trypanosomes in East and Central Africa and the penetration of invasive T. lewisi into communities of native rodents. An extensive study of blood and tissue samples from Afrotropical micromammals (1528 rodents, 135 shrews, and five sengis belonging to 37 genera and 133 species) captured in the Central African Republic, Ethiopia, Kenya, Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, and Zambia revealed 187 (11.2%) trypanosome-positive individuals. The prevalence of trypanosomes in host genera ranged from 2.1% in Aethomys to 37.1% in Lemniscomys. The only previously known trypanosome detected in our dataset was T. lewisi, newly found in Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania in a wide range of native rodent hosts. Besides T. lewisi, 18S rRNA sequencing revealed 48 additional unique Herpetosoma genotypes representing at least 15 putative new species, which doubles the known sequence-based diversity of this subgenus, and approaches the true species richness in the study area. The other two genotypes represent two new species belonging to the subgenera Ornithotrypanum and Squamatrypanum. The trypanosomes of white-toothed shrews (Crocidura spp.) form a new phylogroup of Herpetosoma, unrelated to flagellates previously detected in insectivores. With 13 documented species, Ethiopia was the richest region for trypanosome diversity, which corresponds to the very diverse environments and generally high biodiversity of this country. We conclude that besides T. lewisi, the subgenus Herpetosoma is highly host-specific (e.g., species parasitizing the rodent genera Acomys and Gerbilliscus). Furthermore, several newly detected trypanosome species are specific to their endemic hosts, such as brush-furred mice (Lophuromys), dormice (Graphiurus), and white-toothed shrews (Crocidura). (c) 2022 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology.
ER  -

VOTÝPKA, Jan, Eva STŘÍBRNÁ, David MODRÝ, Josef BRYJA, Anna BRYJOVÁ and Julius LUKEŠ. Unexpectedly high diversity of trypanosomes in small sub-Saharan mammals. \textit{International Journal for Parasitology}. Oxford: Elsevier Science Ltd., 2022, vol.~52, No~10, p.~647-658. ISSN~0020-7519. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpara.2022.06.002.

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