HRAZDILOVA, Kristyna, Ondrej DANEK, Alena HRBATOVA, Barbora CERVENA, Eva NOSKOVÁ, Peter ADAMIK, Jan VOTYPKA, Andrei Daniel MIHALCA, Mechouk NOUREDDINE, David MODRÝ and Ludek ZUREK. Genetic analysis challenges the presence of Ixodes inopinatus in Central Europe: development of a multiplex PCR to distinguish I. inopinatus from I. ricinus. Parasites & Vectors. BMC, 2023, vol. 16, No 1, p. 1-10. ISSN 1756-3305. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05971-2.
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Basic information
Original name Genetic analysis challenges the presence of Ixodes inopinatus in Central Europe: development of a multiplex PCR to distinguish I. inopinatus from I. ricinus
Authors HRAZDILOVA, Kristyna, Ondrej DANEK, Alena HRBATOVA, Barbora CERVENA, Eva NOSKOVÁ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Peter ADAMIK, Jan VOTYPKA, Andrei Daniel MIHALCA, Mechouk NOUREDDINE, David MODRÝ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution) and Ludek ZUREK (guarantor).
Edition Parasites & Vectors, BMC, 2023, 1756-3305.
Other information
Original language English
Type of outcome Article in a journal
Field of Study 30310 Parasitology
Country of publisher United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
Confidentiality degree is not subject to a state or trade secret
WWW URL
Impact factor Impact factor: 3.200 in 2022
RIV identification code RIV/00216224:14310/23:00132172
Organization unit Faculty of Science
Doi http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-023-05971-2
UT WoS 001083412600001
Keywords in English Tick; Ixodes ricinus; Ixodes inopinatus; 16S rDNA; TROSPA; COI; ITS2; Algeria; Czech Republic
Tags rivok
Tags International impact, Reviewed
Changed by Changed by: Mgr. Marie Šípková, DiS., učo 437722. Changed: 14/11/2023 10:58.
Abstract
Background Ixodes ricinus is an important vector of several pathogens, primarily in Europe. Recently, Ixodes inopinatus was described from Spain, Portugal, and North Africa and then reported from several European countries. In this study, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to distinguish I. ricinus from I. inopinatus and used in the surveillance of I. inopinatus in Algeria (ALG) and three regions in the Czech Republic (CZ). Methods A multiplex PCR on TROSPA and sequencing of several mitochondrial (16S rDNA, COI) and nuclear markers (TROSPA, ITS2, calreticulin) were used to differentiate these two species and for a subsequent phylogenetic analysis. Results Sequencing of TROSPA, COI, and ITS2 separated these two species into two subclades, while 16S rDNA and calreticulin could not distinguish I. ricinus from I. inopinatus. Interestingly, 23 nucleotide positions in the TROSPA gene had consistently double peaks in a subset of ticks from CZ. Cloning of these PCR products led to a clear separation of I. ricinus and I. inopinatus indicating hybridization and introgression between these two tick taxa. Based on a multiplex PCR of TROSPA and analysis of sequences of TROSPA, COI, and ITS2, the majority of ticks in CZ were I. ricinus, no I. inopinatus ticks were found, and 10 specimens showed signs of hybridization. In contrast, most ticks in ALG were I. inopinatus, four ticks were I. ricinus, and no signs of hybridization and introgression were detected. Conclusions We developed a multiplex PCR method based on the TROSPA gene to differentiate I. ricinus and I. inopinatus. We demonstrate the lack of evidence for the presence of I. inopinatus in Central Europe and propose that previous studies be re-examined. Mitochondrial markers are not suitable for distinguishing I. inopinatus from I. ricinus. Furthermore, our data indicate that I. inopinatus and I. ricinus can hybridize, and the hybrids can survive in Europe.
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