República Checa

NEČASOVÁ, Mirka and Lucie TÁBORSKÁ. República Checa (The Czech Republic). In Alfredo Hidalgo Lavié. Trabajo social y servicios sociales : Una perspectiva comparada de la historia y los desafíos dela profesión. Una selección de países. 1st ed. Madrid: Sanz y Torres, 2023, p. 103-133. ISBN 978-84-19433-63-3.

Basic information

• Original name: República Checa
• Name (in English): The Czech Republic
• Authors: NEČASOVÁ, Mirka (203 Czech Republic, guarantor, belonging to the institution) and Lucie TÁBORSKÁ (203 Czech Republic).
• Edition: 1st ed. Madrid, Trabajo social y servicios sociales : Una perspectiva comparada de la historia y los desafíos dela profesión. Una selección de países. p. 103-133, 31 pp. 2023.
• Publisher: Sanz y Torres

Other information

• Original language: Spanish
• Type of outcome: Chapter(s) of a specialized book
• Field of Study: 50403 Social topics
• Country of publisher: Spain
• Confidentiality degree: is not subject to a state or trade secret
• Publication form: printed version "print"
• WWW: kniha
• RIV identification code: RIV/00216224:14230/23:00132367
• Organization unit: Faculty of Social Studies
• ISBN: 978-84-19433-63-3
• Keywords in English: social work; social services; education; history
• Tags: rivok
• Tags: International impact, Reviewed

Abstract

El estado de bienestar y el trabajo social checos encuentran sus raíces ya a principios del siglo XX, cuando el desarrollo de la República Checoslovaca independiente y el entusiasmo de los ciudadanos por el establecimiento democrático, acompañado por un gran interés en la solidaridad, la caridad y la igualdad social. Esto se reflejó en el desarrollo de la, entonces, muy moderna legislación en el campo de la seguridad social y también en el desarrollo del trabajo social como una disciplina independiente, que se impartió primero en las primeras Escuelas Superiores de Bienestar Social y luego también en las escuelas secundarias y universidades. El golpe de estado comunista de 1948 interrumpió la tradición del trabajo social checo y condujo gradualmente a cambios fundamentales en la legislación social, lo que provocó la desaparición del sector privado (no solo en el mercado laboral, sino también en el sector voluntario y caritativo, en el campo de la seguros privados, etc.), y, por ende, elevó una alta dependencia de los ciudadanos de un estado socialista con una capacidad muy limitada para resolver por sí mismo los hechos sociales que se habían presentado. Después de 1989, Checoslovaquia (más tarde la República Checa) comenzó a regresar a sus raíces democráticas, incluido el restablecimiento del trabajo social como campo científico y disciplina práctica. La década de 1990, que trajo cambios fundamentales en todos los ámbitos de la vida humana, fue un gran desafío en cuanto a la necesidad de una reconceptualización total no sólo de las instituciones y legislaciones estatales, sino también de la forma de pensar de la población que en la última mitad de siglo había perdido la capacidad de participar en la sociedad. Este capítulo tiene como objetivo familiarizar al lector con el desarrollo del trabajo social checo y con la política social en las tres fases principales de su historia, así como con algunos de los desafíos que enfrentan el trabajo social y la política social checos en la actualidad

Abstract (in English)

The Czech welfare state and social work had their roots already at the beginning of the 20th century when the development of the independent Czechoslovak Republic and the citizens' enthusiasm for a democratic establishment was accompanied by a high interest in solidarity, charity and ideas of social equality. This was reflected in the development of the then very modern legislation in the field of social security and also in the development of social work as a separate field, which was taught first in the first Higher Schools of Social Welfare and later also in secondary schools and universities. The communist coup in 1948 interrupted the tradition of Czech social work and gradually led to fundamental changes in social legislation, which caused the demise of the private sector (not only in the labour market but also in the voluntary and charitable sector, in the field of private insurance, etc.), and thus the high dependence of citizens on a socialist state with a very limited ability to solve the social events that have arisen on their own. After 1989, Czechoslovakia (later the Czech Republic) began to return to its democratic roots, including the re-establishment of social work as both a scientific field and a practical discipline. The 1990s, which brought fundamental changes in all areas of human life, was a great challenge with regard to the need for a total reconceptualization not only of state institutions and legislation, but also of the way of thinking of the population which in the last half-century lost the ability to participate in society. This text aims to acquaint the reader with the development of Czech social work (and its teaching) and social policy in all three major phases of its history, as well as with some of the challenges facing Czech social work and social policy today. The Czech welfare state and social work had their roots already at the beginning of the 20th century when the development of the independent Czechoslovak Republic and the citizens' enthusiasm for a democratic establishment was accompanied by a high interest in solidarity, charity and ideas of social equality. This was reflected in the development of the then very modern legislation in the field of social security and also in the development of social work as a separate field, which was taught first in the first Higher Schools of Social Welfare and later also in secondary schools and universities. The communist coup in 1948 interrupted the tradition of Czech social work and gradually led to fundamental changes in social legislation, which caused the demise of the private sector (not only in the labour market but also in the voluntary and charitable sector, in the field of private insurance, etc.), and thus the high dependence of citizens on a socialist state with a very limited ability to solve the social events that have arisen on their own. After 1989, Czechoslovakia (later the Czech Republic) began to return to its democratic roots, including the re-establishment of social work as both a scientific field and a practical discipline. The 1990s, which brought fundamental changes in all areas of human life, was a great challenge with regard to the need for a total reconceptualization not only of state institutions and legislation, but also of the way of thinking of the population which in the last half-century lost the ability to participate in society. This text aims to acquaint the reader with the development of Czech social work (and its teaching) and social policy in all three major phases of its history, as well as with some of the challenges facing Czech social work and social policy today.