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@article{2353806,
author = {Chiffi, Gabriele and Grandgirard, Denis and Leib, Stephen L. and Chrdle, Aleš and Růžek, Daniel},
article_number = {5},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2470},
keywords = {epidemiology; immuneresponse; molecularpathogenesis; neurologicalsequela; tick‐borneencephalitis; tick‐borne encephalitis virus},
language = {eng},
issn = {1052-9276},
journal = {Reviews in Medical Virology},
title = {Tick-borne encephalitis: A comprehensive review of the epidemiology, virology, and clinical picture},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2470},
volume = {33},
year = {2023}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 2353806
AU - Chiffi, Gabriele - Grandgirard, Denis - Leib, Stephen L. - Chrdle, Aleš - Růžek, Daniel
PY - 2023
TI - Tick-borne encephalitis: A comprehensive review of the epidemiology, virology, and clinical picture
JF - Reviews in Medical Virology
VL - 33
IS - 5
SP - 1-20
EP - 1-20
PB - Wiley
SN - 10529276
KW - epidemiology
KW - immuneresponse
KW - molecularpathogenesis
KW - neurologicalsequela
KW - tick‐borneencephalitis
KW - tick‐borne encephalitis virus
UR - https://doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2470
N2 - Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is a flavivirus commonly found in at least 27 European and Asian countries. It is an emerging public health problem, with steadily increasing case numbers over recent decades. Tick-borne encephalitis virus affects between 10,000 and 15,000 patients annually. Infection occurs through the bite of an infected tick and, much less commonly, through infected milk consumption or aerosols. The TBEV genome comprises a positive-sense single-stranded RNA molecule of ∼11 kilobases. The open reading frame is > 10,000 bases long, flanked by untranslated regions (UTR), and encodes a polyprotein that is co- and post-transcriptionally processed into three structural and seven non-structural proteins. Tick-borne encephalitis virus infection results in encephalitis, often with a characteristic biphasic disease course. After a short incubation time, the viraemic phase is characterised by non-specific influenza-like symptoms. After an asymptomatic period of 2–7 days, more than half of patients show progression to a neurological phase, usually characterised by central and, rarely, peripheral nervous system symptoms. Mortality is low—around 1% of confirmed cases, depending on the viral subtype. After acute tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), a minority of patients experience long-term neurological deficits. Additionally, 40%–50% of patients develop a post-encephalitic syndrome, which significantly impairs daily activities and quality of life. Although TBEV has been described for several decades, no specific treatment exists. Much remains unknown regarding the objective assessment of long-lasting sequelae. Additional research is needed to better understand, prevent, and treat TBE. In this review, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the epidemiology, virology, and clinical picture of TBE.
ER -
CHIFFI, Gabriele, Denis GRANDGIRARD, Stephen L. LEIB, Aleš CHRDLE and Daniel RŮŽEK. Tick-borne encephalitis: A comprehensive review of the epidemiology, virology, and clinical picture. \textit{Reviews in Medical Virology}. Wiley, 2023, vol.~33, No~5, p.~1-20. ISSN~1052-9276. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rmv.2470.
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