Archaeological research on the 3rd-1st century BC period has recently focused mainly on large settlements (agglomerations), among which in Central Europe excels Němčice - a site in Moravia, known thanks to the abundance of metal, glass and coin finds. However, what did the settlement structure in Bohemia and Moravia look like before the emergence of oppida in regions where (so far) no large settlements have been identified, but from which we have for 3rd-1st century BC traces of intensive settlement and dispersed specialised production? In the article we present state of arts and discuss different approaches to the research of Late Iron Age settlement structure.