Background Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a one-third reduction in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by 2030. We provided global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of CRDs and their attributable risks from 1990 to 2019. Methods Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we estimated mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), prevalence, and incidence of CRDs, i.e. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pneumoconiosis, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis, and other CRDs, from 1990 to 2019 by sex, age, region, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) in 204 countries and territories. Deaths and DALYs from CRDs attributable to each risk factor were estimated according to relative risks, risk exposure, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level input. Findings In 2019, CRDs were the third leading cause of death responsible for 4.0 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 3.6-4.3) with a prevalence of 454.6 million cases (417.4-499.1) globally. While the total deaths and prevalence of CRDs have increased by 28.5% and 39.8%, the age-standardised rates have dropped by 41.7% and 16.9% from 1990 to 2019, respectively. COPD, with 212.3 million (200.4-225.1) prevalent cases, was the primary cause of deaths from CRDs, accounting for 3.3 million (2.9-3.6) deaths. With 262.4 million (224.1-309.5) prevalent cases, asthma had the highest prevalence among CRDs. The age-standardised rates of all burden measures of COPD, asthma, and pneumoconiosis have reduced globally from 1990 to 2019. Nevertheless, the age-standardised rates of incidence and prevalence of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis have increased throughout this period. Lowand low-middle SDI countries had the highest age-standardised death and DALYs rates while the high SDI quintile had the highest prevalence rate of CRDs. The highest deaths and DALYs from CRDs were attributed to smoking globally, followed by air pollution and occupational risks. Non-optimal temperature and high body-mass index were additional risk factors for COPD and asthma, respectively. Interpretation Albeit the age-standardised prevalence, death, and DALYs rates of CRDs have decreased, they still cause a substantial burden and deaths worldwide. The high death and DALYs rates in low and low-middle SDI countries highlights the urgent need for improved preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic measures. Global strategies for tobacco control, enhancing air quality, reducing occupational hazards, and fostering clean cooking fuels are crucial steps in reducing the burden of CRDs, especially in low- and lower-middle income countries.
MOMTAZMANESH, Sara, Sahar Saeedi MOGHADDAM, Seyyed-Hadi GHAMARI, Elaheh Malakan RAD, Negar REZAEI, Parnian SHOBEIRI, Amirali AALI, Mohsen ABBASI-KANGEVARI, Zeinab ABBASI-KANGEVARI, Michael ABDELMASSEH, Meriem ABDOUN, Deldar Morad ABDULAH, Abu Yousuf Md ABDULLAH, Aidin ABEDI, Hassan ABOLHASSANI, Zahra ABREHDARI-TAFRESHI, Basavaprabhu ACHAPPA, Denberu Eshetie Adane ADANE, Tigist Demssew ADANE, Isaac Yeboah ADDO, Mohammad ADNAN, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah ADNANI, Sajjad AHMAD, Ali AHMADI, Keivan AHMADI, Ali AHMED, Ayman AHMED, Tarik Ahmed RASHID, Al Hamad HANADI, Fares ALAHDAB, Astawus ALEMAYEHU, Sheikh Mohammad ALIF, Syed Mohamed ALJUNID, Sami ALMUSTANYIR, Khalid A ALTIRKAWI, Nelson ALVIS-GUZMAN, Javad Aminian DEHKORDI, Mehrdad AMIR-BEHGHADAMI, Robert ANCUCEANU, Catalina Liliana ANDREI, Tudorel ANDREI, Catherine M ANTONY, Anayochukwu Edward ANYASODOR, Jalal ARABLOO, Judie ARULAPPAN, Tahira ASHRAF, Seyyed Shamsadin ATHARI, Engi F ATTIA, Meshesha Tsegazeab AYELE, Sina AZADNAJAFABAD, Abraham Samuel BABU, Sara BAGHERIEH, Ovidiu Constantin BALTATU, Maciej BANACH, Mainak BARDHAN, Francesco BARONE-ADESI, Amadou BARROW, Saurav BASU, Nebiyou Simegnew BAYILEYEGN, Isabela M BENSENOR, Nikha BHARDWAJ, Pankaj BHARDWAJ, Ajay Nagesh BHAT, Krittika BHATTACHARYYA, Souad BOUAOUD, Dejana BRAITHWAITE, Michael BRAUER, Muhammad Hammad BUTT, Zahid A BUTT, Daniela CALINA, Luis Alberto CAMERA, Gashaw Sisay CHANIE, Periklis CHARALAMPOUS, Vijay Kumar CHATTU, Odgerel CHIMED-OCHIR, Dinh-Toi CHU, Aaron J COHEN, Natalia CRUZ-MARTINS, Omid DADRAS, Aso Mohammad DARWESH, Saswati DAS, Sisay Abebe DEBELA, Daniel DELGADO-ORTIZ, Diriba DEREJE, Mostafa DIANATINASAB, Nancy DIAO, Daniel DIAZ, Lankamo Ena DIGESA, Gebisa DIRIRSA, Paul Narh DOKU, Deepa DONGARWAR, Abdel DOUIRI, Haneil Larson DSOUZA, Ebrahim EINI, Michael EKHOLUENETALE, Temitope Cyrus EKUNDAYO, Ahmed Elabbas Mustafa ELAGALI, Muhammed ELHADI, Daniel Berhanie ENYEW, Ryenchindorj ERKHEMBAYAR, Farshid ETAEE, Adeniyi Francis FAGBAMIGBE, Andre FARO, Ali FATEHIZADEH, Ginenus FEKADU, Irina FILIP, Florian FISCHER, Masoud FOROUTAN, Richard Charles FRANKLIN, Andras Gaal PETER, Santosh GAIHRE, Abduzhappar GAIPOV, Mesfin GEBREHIWOT, Urge GEREMA, Motuma Erena GETACHEW, Tamiru GETACHEW, Mansour GHAFOURIFARD, Reza GHANBARI, Ahmad GHASHGHAEE, Ali GHOLAMI, Artyorm Urievich GIL, Mahaveer GOLECHHA, Pouya GOLEIJ, Davide GOLINELLI, Habtamu Alganeh GUADIE, Bhawna GUPTA, Sapna GUPTA, Veer Bala GUPTA, Vivek Kumar GUPTA, Mostafa HADEI, Rabih HALWANI, Asif HANIF, Arief HARGONO, Mehdi HARORANI, Risky Kusuma HARTONO, Hamidreza HASANI, Abdiwahab HASHI, Simon I HAY, Mohammad HEIDARI, Merel E HELLEMONS, Claudiu HERTELIU, Ramesh HOLLA, Nobuyuki HORITA, Mohammad HOSEINI, Mehdi HOSSEINZADEH, Junjie HUANG, Mohammad Salman HUSSAIN, Bing-Fang HWANG, Ivo IAVICOLI, Segun Emmanuel IBITOYE, Sufyan IBRAHIM, Olayinka Stephen ILESANMI, Irena M ILIC, Milena D ILIC, Mustapha IMMURANA, Nahlah Elkudssiah ISMAIL, J Linda MERIN, Mihajlo JAKOVLJEVIC, Elham JAMSHIDI, Manthan Dilipkumar JANODIA, Tahereh JAVAHERI, Sathish Kumar JAYAPAL, Shubha JAYARAM, Ravi Prakash JHA, Olatunji JOHNSON, Tamas JOO, Nitin JOSEPH, Jacek Jerzy JOZWIAK, K. VAISHALI, Billingsley KAAMBWA, Zubair KABIR, Laleh R KALANKESH, Rohollah KALHOR, Himal KANDEL, Shama D KARANTH, Ibraheem M KARAYE, Bekalu Getnet KASSA, Gizat M KASSIE, Leila KEIKAVOOSI-ARANI, Mohammad KEYKHAEI, Himanshu KHAJURIA, Imteyaz A KHAN, Moien A B KHAN, Yusra H KHAN, Haneen KHREIS, Min Seo KIM, Adnan KISA, Sezer KISA, Luke D KNIBBS, Pavel KOLKHIR, Somayeh KOMAKI, Farzad KOMPANI, Hamid Reza KOOHESTANI, Ali KOOLIVAND, Oleksii KORZH, Ai KOYANAGI, Kewal KRISHAN, Kris J KROHN, Naveen KUMAR, Nithin KUMAR, Om P KURMI, Ambity KUTTIKKATTU, La Vecchia CARLO, Judit LAM, Qing LAN, Savita LASRADO, Kamaluddin LATIEF, Paolo LAURIOLA, Sang-woong LEE, Yo Han LEE, Samson Mideksa LEGESSE, Jacopo LENZI, Ming-Chieh LI, Ro-Ting LIN, Gang LIU, Liu WEI, Chun-Han LO, Laszlo LORENZOVICI, Yifei LU, Soundarya MAHALINGAM, Elham MAHMOUDI, Narayan B MAHOTRA, Monammad-Reza MALEKPOUR, Ahmad Azam MALIK, Tauqeer Hussain MALLHI, Deborah Carvalho MALTA, Borhan MANSOURI, Elezebeth MATHEWS, Sazan Qadir MAULUD, Enkeleint A MECHILI, Entezar Mehrabi NASAB, Ritesh G MENEZES, Dechasa Adare MENGISTU, Alexios-Fotios A MENTIS, Mahboobeh MESHKAT, Tomislav MESTROVIC, Gomide Nogueira de Sa Ana Carolina MICHELETTI, Erkin M MIRRAKHIMOV, Awoke MISGANAW, Prasanna MITHRA, Javad MOGHADASI, Esmaeil MOHAMMADI, Mokhtar MOHAMMADI, Marita MOHAMMADSHAHI, Shaflu MOHAMMED, Syam MOHAN, Nagabhishek MOKA, Lorenzo MONASTA, Mohammad Ali MONI, Md MONIRUZZAMAN, Fateme MONTAZERI, Maryam MORADI, Ebrahim MOSTAFAVI, Christine MPUNDU-KAAMBWA, Efren MURILLO-ZAMORA, Christopher J L MURRAY, Tapas Sadasivan NAIR, Vinay NANGIA, Sreenivas Narasimha SWAMY, Aparna Ichalangod NARAYANA, Zuhair S NATTO, Prakash Nayak BISWA, Wogene Wogene NEGASH, Evangelia NENA, Sandhya Neupane KANDEL, Robina Khan NIAZI, Nogueira de Sa Antonio TOLENTINO, Ali NOWROOZI, Chimezie Igwegbe NZOPUTAM, Ogochukwu Janet NZOPUTAM, Bogdan OANCEA, Rahman Md OBAIDUR, Oluwakemi Ololade ODUKOYA, Hassan OKATI-ALIABAD, Akinkunmi Paul OKEKUNLE, Osaretin Christabel OKONJI, Andrew T OLAGUNJU, Ahmed Omar BALI, Sergej M OSTOJIC, P A MAHESH, Alicia PADRON-MONEDERO, Jagadish Rao PADUBIDRI, Mohammad Taha Pahlevan FALLAHY, Tamas PALICZ, Adrian PANA, Eun-Kee PARK, Jay PATEL, Rajan PAUDEL, Uttam PAUDEL, Paolo PEDERSINI, Marcos PEREIRA, Renato B PEREIRA, Ionela-Roxana PETCU, Majid PIRESTANI, Maarten J POSTMA, Akila PRASHANT, Mohammad RABIEE, Amir RADFAR, Sima RAFIEI, Fakher RAHIM, Mohammad Hifz Ur RAHMAN, Mosiur RAHMAN, Muhammad Aziz RAHMAN, Amir Masoud RAHMANI, Shayan RAHMANI, Vahid RAHMANIAN, Prashant RAJPUT, Juwela RANA, Chythra R RAO, Sowmya J RAO, Sina RASHEDI, Mohammad-Mahdi RASHIDI, Zubair Ahmed RATAN, David Laith RAWAF, Salman RAWAF, Lal RAWAL, Rezza RAWASSIZADEH, Mohammad Sadegh RAZEGHINIA, Elrashdy Moustafa Mohamed REDWAN, Maryam REZAEI, Nazila REZAEI, Nima REZAEI, Mohsen REZAEIAN, Monica RODRIGUES, Jefferson Antonio Buendia RODRIGUEZ, Leonardo ROEVER, David ROJAS-RUEDA, Kristina E RUDD, Aly M A SAAD, Siamak SABOUR, Basema SADDIK, Erfan SADEGHI, Masoumeh SADEGHI, Umar SAEED, Maryam SAHEBAZZAMANI, Amirhossein SAHEBKAR, Harihar SAHOO, Mirza Rizwan SAJID, Sateesh SAKHAMURI, Sana SALEHI, Abdallah M SAMY, Milena M SANTRIC-MILICEVIC, Bruno Piassi Sao JOSE, Brijesh SATHIAN, Maheswar SATPATHY, Ganesh Kumar SAYA, Subramanian SENTHILKUMARAN, Allen SEYLANI, Saeed SHAHABI, Masood Ali SHAIKH, Mohd SHANAWAZ, Mohammed SHANNAWAZ, Rahim Ali SHEIKHI, Shashank SHEKHAR, Migbar Mekonnen SIBHAT, Colin R SIMPSON, Jasvinder A SINGH, Paramdeep SINGH, Surjit SINGH, Valentin Yurievich SKRYABIN, Anna Aleksandrovna SKRYABINA, Mohammad Sadegh SOLTANI-ZANGBAR, Suhang SONG, Ireneous N SOYIRI, Paschalis STEIROPOULOS, Leo STOCKFELT, Jing SUN, Ken TAKAHASHI, Iman M TALAAT, Ker-Kan TAN, Nathan Y TAT, Vivian Y TAT, Birhan Tsegaw TAYE, Pugazhenthan THANGARAJU, Rekha THAPAR, Friedrich THIENEMANN, Amir TIYURI, Mai Thi Ngoc TRAN, Jaya Prasad TRIPATHY, Lorainne Tudor CAR, Biruk Shalmeno TUSA, Irfan ULLAH, Sana ULLAH, Marco VACANTE, Pascual R VALDEZ, Rohollah VALIZADEH, Job F M VAN BOVEN, Tommi Juhani VASANKARI, Siavash VAZIRI, Francesco S VIOLANTE, Vo BAY, Ning WANG, Melissa Y WEI, Ronny WESTERMAN, Nuwan Darshana WICKRAMASINGHE, Suowen XU, Xiaoyue XU, Lalit YADAV, Yazachew YISMAW, Dong Keon YON, Naohiro YONEMOTO, Chuanhua YU, Yong YU, Ismaeel YUNUSA, Mazyar ZAHIR, Morein ZANGIABADIAN, Zahra ZARESHAHRABADI, Armin ZARRINTAN, Mikhail Sergeevich ZASTROZHIN, Zelalem Banjaw ZEGEYE, Yunquan ZHANG, Mohsen NAGHAVI, Bagher LARIJANI and Farshad FARZADFAR. Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. EClinicalMedicine. AMSTERDAM: ELSEVIER, 2023, vol. 59, May 2023, p. 1-22. ISSN 2589-5370. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101936.
@article{2379819, author = {Momtazmanesh, Sara and Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi and Ghamari, SeyyedandHadi and Rad, Elaheh Malakan and Rezaei, Negar and Shobeiri, Parnian and Aali, Amirali and AbbasiandKangevari, Mohsen and AbbasiandKangevari, Zeinab and Abdelmasseh, Michael and Abdoun, Meriem and Abdulah, Deldar Morad and Abdullah, Abu Yousuf Md and Abedi, Aidin and Abolhassani, Hassan and AbrehdariandTafreshi, Zahra and Achappa, Basavaprabhu and Adane, Denberu Eshetie Adane and Adane, Tigist Demssew and Addo, Isaac Yeboah and Adnan, Mohammad and Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah and Ahmad, Sajjad and Ahmadi, Ali and Ahmadi, Keivan and Ahmed, Ali and Ahmed, Ayman and Rashid, Tarik Ahmed and Hanadi, Al Hamad and Alahdab, Fares and Alemayehu, Astawus and Alif, Sheikh Mohammad and Aljunid, Syed Mohamed and Almustanyir, Sami and Altirkawi, Khalid A and AlvisandGuzman, Nelson and Dehkordi, Javad Aminian and AmirandBehghadami, Mehrdad and Ancuceanu, Robert and Andrei, Catalina Liliana and Andrei, Tudorel and Antony, Catherine M and Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward and Arabloo, Jalal and Arulappan, Judie and Ashraf, Tahira and Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin and Attia, Engi F and Ayele, Meshesha Tsegazeab and Azadnajafabad, Sina and Babu, Abraham Samuel and Bagherieh, Sara and Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin and Banach, Maciej and Bardhan, Mainak and BaroneandAdesi, Francesco and Barrow, Amadou and Basu, Saurav and Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew and Bensenor, Isabela M and Bhardwaj, Nikha and Bhardwaj, Pankaj and Bhat, Ajay Nagesh and Bhattacharyya, Krittika and Bouaoud, Souad and Braithwaite, Dejana and Brauer, Michael and Butt, Muhammad Hammad and Butt, Zahid A and Calina, Daniela and Camera, Luis Alberto and Chanie, Gashaw Sisay and Charalampous, Periklis and Chattu, Vijay Kumar and ChimedandOchir, Odgerel and Chu, DinhandToi and Cohen, Aaron J and CruzandMartins, Natalia and Dadras, Omid and Darwesh, Aso Mohammad and Das, Saswati and Debela, Sisay Abebe and DelgadoandOrtiz, Daniel and Dereje, Diriba and Dianatinasab, Mostafa and Diao, Nancy and Diaz, Daniel and Digesa, Lankamo Ena and Dirirsa, Gebisa and Doku, Paul Narh and Dongarwar, Deepa and Douiri, Abdel and Dsouza, Haneil Larson and Eini, Ebrahim and Ekholuenetale, Michael and Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus and Elagali, Ahmed Elabbas Mustafa and Elhadi, Muhammed and Enyew, Daniel Berhanie and Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj and Etaee, Farshid and Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis and Faro, Andre and Fatehizadeh, Ali and Fekadu, Ginenus and Filip, Irina and Fischer, Florian and Foroutan, Masoud and Franklin, Richard Charles and Peter, Andras Gaal and Gaihre, Santosh and Gaipov, Abduzhappar and Gebrehiwot, Mesfin and Gerema, Urge and Getachew, Motuma Erena and Getachew, Tamiru and Ghafourifard, Mansour and Ghanbari, Reza and Ghashghaee, Ahmad and Gholami, Ali and Gil, Artyorm Urievich and Golechha, Mahaveer and Goleij, Pouya and Golinelli, Davide and Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh and Gupta, Bhawna and Gupta, Sapna and Gupta, Veer Bala and Gupta, Vivek Kumar and Hadei, Mostafa and Halwani, Rabih and Hanif, Asif and Hargono, Arief and Harorani, Mehdi and Hartono, Risky Kusuma and Hasani, Hamidreza and Hashi, Abdiwahab and Hay, Simon I and Heidari, Mohammad and Hellemons, Merel E and Herteliu, Claudiu and Holla, Ramesh and Horita, Nobuyuki and Hoseini, Mohammad and Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi and Huang, Junjie and Hussain, Mohammad Salman and Hwang, BingandFang and Iavicoli, Ivo and Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel and Ibrahim, Sufyan and Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen and Ilic, Irena M and Ilic, Milena D and Immurana, Mustapha and Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah and Merin, J Linda and Jakovljevic, Mihajlo and Jamshidi, Elham and Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar and Javaheri, Tahereh and Jayapal, Sathish Kumar and Jayaram, Shubha and Jha, Ravi Prakash and Johnson, Olatunji and Joo, Tamas and Joseph, Nitin and Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy and Vaishali, K. et al.}, article_location = {AMSTERDAM}, article_number = {May 2023}, doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2023.101936}, keywords = {Asthma; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Epidemiology; Interstitial lung disease; Lung disease; Morbidity; Mortality; Pneumoconiosis; Pulmonary emphysema}, language = {eng}, issn = {2589-5370}, journal = {EClinicalMedicine}, title = {Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019}, url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258953702300113X?via%3Dihub}, volume = {59}, year = {2023} }
TY - JOUR ID - 2379819 AU - Momtazmanesh, Sara - Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi - Ghamari, Seyyed-Hadi - Rad, Elaheh Malakan - Rezaei, Negar - Shobeiri, Parnian - Aali, Amirali - Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen - Abbasi-Kangevari, Zeinab - Abdelmasseh, Michael - Abdoun, Meriem - Abdulah, Deldar Morad - Abdullah, Abu Yousuf Md - Abedi, Aidin - Abolhassani, Hassan - Abrehdari-Tafreshi, Zahra - Achappa, Basavaprabhu - Adane, Denberu Eshetie Adane - Adane, Tigist Demssew - Addo, Isaac Yeboah - Adnan, Mohammad - Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah - Ahmad, Sajjad - Ahmadi, Ali - Ahmadi, Keivan - Ahmed, Ali - Ahmed, Ayman - Rashid, Tarik Ahmed - Hanadi, Al Hamad - Alahdab, Fares - Alemayehu, Astawus - Alif, Sheikh Mohammad - Aljunid, Syed Mohamed - Almustanyir, Sami - Altirkawi, Khalid A - Alvis-Guzman, Nelson - Dehkordi, Javad Aminian - Amir-Behghadami, Mehrdad - Ancuceanu, Robert - Andrei, Catalina Liliana - Andrei, Tudorel - Antony, Catherine M - Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward - Arabloo, Jalal - Arulappan, Judie - Ashraf, Tahira - Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin - Attia, Engi F - Ayele, Meshesha Tsegazeab - Azadnajafabad, Sina - Babu, Abraham Samuel - Bagherieh, Sara - Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin - Banach, Maciej - Bardhan, Mainak - Barone-Adesi, Francesco - Barrow, Amadou - Basu, Saurav - Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew - Bensenor, Isabela M - Bhardwaj, Nikha - Bhardwaj, Pankaj - Bhat, Ajay Nagesh - Bhattacharyya, Krittika - Bouaoud, Souad - Braithwaite, Dejana - Brauer, Michael - Butt, Muhammad Hammad - Butt, Zahid A - Calina, Daniela - Camera, Luis Alberto - Chanie, Gashaw Sisay - Charalampous, Periklis - Chattu, Vijay Kumar - Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel - Chu, Dinh-Toi - Cohen, Aaron J - Cruz-Martins, Natalia - Dadras, Omid - Darwesh, Aso Mohammad - Das, Saswati - Debela, Sisay Abebe - Delgado-Ortiz, Daniel - Dereje, Diriba - Dianatinasab, Mostafa - Diao, Nancy - Diaz, Daniel - Digesa, Lankamo Ena - Dirirsa, Gebisa - Doku, Paul Narh - Dongarwar, Deepa - Douiri, Abdel - Dsouza, Haneil Larson - Eini, Ebrahim - Ekholuenetale, Michael - Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus - Elagali, Ahmed Elabbas Mustafa - Elhadi, Muhammed - Enyew, Daniel Berhanie - Erkhembayar, Ryenchindorj - Etaee, Farshid - Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis - Faro, Andre - Fatehizadeh, Ali - Fekadu, Ginenus - Filip, Irina - Fischer, Florian - Foroutan, Masoud - Franklin, Richard Charles - Peter, Andras Gaal - Gaihre, Santosh - Gaipov, Abduzhappar - Gebrehiwot, Mesfin - Gerema, Urge - Getachew, Motuma Erena - Getachew, Tamiru - Ghafourifard, Mansour - Ghanbari, Reza - Ghashghaee, Ahmad - Gholami, Ali - Gil, Artyorm Urievich - Golechha, Mahaveer - Goleij, Pouya - Golinelli, Davide - Guadie, Habtamu Alganeh - Gupta, Bhawna - Gupta, Sapna - Gupta, Veer Bala - Gupta, Vivek Kumar - Hadei, Mostafa - Halwani, Rabih - Hanif, Asif - Hargono, Arief - Harorani, Mehdi - Hartono, Risky Kusuma - Hasani, Hamidreza - Hashi, Abdiwahab - Hay, Simon I - Heidari, Mohammad - Hellemons, Merel E - Herteliu, Claudiu - Holla, Ramesh - Horita, Nobuyuki - Hoseini, Mohammad - Hosseinzadeh, Mehdi - Huang, Junjie - Hussain, Mohammad Salman - Hwang, Bing-Fang - Iavicoli, Ivo - Ibitoye, Segun Emmanuel - Ibrahim, Sufyan - Ilesanmi, Olayinka Stephen - Ilic, Irena M - Ilic, Milena D - Immurana, Mustapha - Ismail, Nahlah Elkudssiah - Merin, J Linda - Jakovljevic, Mihajlo - Jamshidi, Elham - Janodia, Manthan Dilipkumar - Javaheri, Tahereh - Jayapal, Sathish Kumar - Jayaram, Shubha - Jha, Ravi Prakash - Johnson, Olatunji - Joo, Tamas - Joseph, Nitin - Jozwiak, Jacek Jerzy - Vaishali, K. et al. PY - 2023 TI - Global burden of chronic respiratory diseases and risk factors, 1990-2019: an update from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 JF - EClinicalMedicine VL - 59 IS - May 2023 SP - 1-22 EP - 1-22 PB - ELSEVIER SN - 25895370 KW - Asthma KW - Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease KW - Epidemiology KW - Interstitial lung disease KW - Lung disease KW - Morbidity KW - Mortality KW - Pneumoconiosis KW - Pulmonary emphysema UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S258953702300113X?via%3Dihub N2 - Background Updated data on chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are vital in their prevention, control, and treatment in the path to achieving the third UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), a one-third reduction in premature mortality from non-communicable diseases by 2030. We provided global, regional, and national estimates of the burden of CRDs and their attributable risks from 1990 to 2019. Methods Using data from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2019, we estimated mortality, years lived with disability, years of life lost, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), prevalence, and incidence of CRDs, i.e. chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, pneumoconiosis, interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis, and other CRDs, from 1990 to 2019 by sex, age, region, and Socio-demographic Index (SDI) in 204 countries and territories. Deaths and DALYs from CRDs attributable to each risk factor were estimated according to relative risks, risk exposure, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level input. Findings In 2019, CRDs were the third leading cause of death responsible for 4.0 million deaths (95% uncertainty interval 3.6-4.3) with a prevalence of 454.6 million cases (417.4-499.1) globally. While the total deaths and prevalence of CRDs have increased by 28.5% and 39.8%, the age-standardised rates have dropped by 41.7% and 16.9% from 1990 to 2019, respectively. COPD, with 212.3 million (200.4-225.1) prevalent cases, was the primary cause of deaths from CRDs, accounting for 3.3 million (2.9-3.6) deaths. With 262.4 million (224.1-309.5) prevalent cases, asthma had the highest prevalence among CRDs. The age-standardised rates of all burden measures of COPD, asthma, and pneumoconiosis have reduced globally from 1990 to 2019. Nevertheless, the age-standardised rates of incidence and prevalence of interstitial lung disease and pulmonary sarcoidosis have increased throughout this period. Lowand low-middle SDI countries had the highest age-standardised death and DALYs rates while the high SDI quintile had the highest prevalence rate of CRDs. The highest deaths and DALYs from CRDs were attributed to smoking globally, followed by air pollution and occupational risks. Non-optimal temperature and high body-mass index were additional risk factors for COPD and asthma, respectively. Interpretation Albeit the age-standardised prevalence, death, and DALYs rates of CRDs have decreased, they still cause a substantial burden and deaths worldwide. The high death and DALYs rates in low and low-middle SDI countries highlights the urgent need for improved preventive, diagnostic, and therapeutic measures. Global strategies for tobacco control, enhancing air quality, reducing occupational hazards, and fostering clean cooking fuels are crucial steps in reducing the burden of CRDs, especially in low- and lower-middle income countries. ER -
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