The nature of medium-period variables on the extreme horizontal
branch I. X-shooter study of variable stars in the globular
cluster ω Cen

J 2024

The nature of medium-period variables on the extreme horizontal branch I. X-shooter study of variable stars in the globular cluster ω Cen

KRTIČKA, Jiří, Iva KRTIČKOVÁ, C. MONI BIDIN, Michal KAJAN, S. ZAGGIA et. al.

Basic information

Original name

The nature of medium-period variables on the extreme horizontal branch I. X-shooter study of variable stars in the globular cluster ω Cen

Authors

KRTIČKA, Jiří (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Iva KRTIČKOVÁ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), C. MONI BIDIN, Michal KAJAN (703 Slovakia, belonging to the institution), S. ZAGGIA, L. MONACO, Jan JANÍK (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Zdeněk MIKULÁŠEK (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution) and Ernst PAUNZEN (40 Austria, belonging to the institution)

Edition

Astronomy and Astrophysics, EDP Sciences, 2024, 0004-6361

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Článek v odborném periodiku

Field of Study

10308 Astronomy

Country of publisher

France

Confidentiality degree

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

References:

URL URL

Impact factor

Impact factor: 6.500 in 2022

Organization unit

Faculty of Science

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347359

UT WoS

001183618800006

Keywords in English

globular clusters: individual: ω Cen; stars: abundances; stars: horizontal-branch; stars: oscillations

Abstract

V originále

A fraction of the extreme horizontal branch stars of globular clusters exhibit a periodic light variability that has been attributed to rotational modulation caused by surface spots. These spots are believed to be connected to inhomogeneous surface distribution of elements. However, the presence of such spots has not been tested against spectroscopic data. We analyzed the phase-resolved ESO X-shooter spectroscopy of three extreme horizontal branch stars that are members of the globular cluster ω Cen and also display periodic light variations. The aim of our study is to understand the nature of the light variability of these stars and to test whether the spots can reproduce the observed variability. Our spectroscopic analysis of these stars did not detect any phase-locked abundance variations that are able to reproduce the light variability. Instead, we revealed the phase variability of effective temperature and surface gravity. In particular, the stars show the highest temperature around the light maximum. This points to pulsations as a possible cause of the observed spectroscopic and photometric variations. However, such an interpretation is in a strong conflict with Ritter’s law, which relates the pulsational period to the mean stellar density. The location of the ω Cen variable extreme horizontal branch stars in HR diagram corresponds to an extension of PG 1716 stars toward lower temperatures or blue, low-gravity, large-amplitude pulsators toward lower luminosities, albeit with much longer periods. Other models of light variability, namely, related to temperature spots, should also be tested further. The estimated masses of these stars in the range of 0.2–0.3 M⊙ are too low for helium-burning objects.

Links

90254, large research infrastructures

Name: e-INFRA CZ II

Citovat

KRTIČKA, Jiří, Iva KRTIČKOVÁ, C. MONI BIDIN, Michal KAJAN, S. ZAGGIA, L. MONACO, Jan JANÍK, Zdeněk MIKULÁŠEK and Ernst PAUNZEN. The nature of medium-period variables on the extreme horizontal branch I. X-shooter study of variable stars in the globular cluster ω Cen. Astronomy and Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2024, vol. 683, March 2024, p. 1-12. ISSN 0004-6361. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347359.

@article{2393037,
   author = {Krtička, Jiří and Krtičková, Iva and Moni Bidin, C. and Kajan, Michal and Zaggia, S. and Monaco, L. and Janík, Jan and Mikulášek, Zdeněk and Paunzen, Ernst},
   article_number = {March 2024},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347359},
   keywords = {globular clusters: individual: ω Cen; stars: abundances; stars: horizontal-branch; stars: oscillations},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {0004-6361},
   journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},
   title = {The nature of medium-period variables on the extreme horizontal branch I. X-shooter study of variable stars in the globular cluster ω Cen},
   url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.10626},
   volume = {683},
   year = {2024}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2393037
AU  - Krtička, Jiří - Krtičková, Iva - Moni Bidin, C. - Kajan, Michal - Zaggia, S. - Monaco, L. - Janík, Jan - Mikulášek, Zdeněk - Paunzen, Ernst
PY  - 2024
TI  - The nature of medium-period variables on the extreme horizontal branch I. X-shooter study of variable stars in the globular cluster ω Cen
JF  - Astronomy and Astrophysics
VL  - 683
IS  - March 2024
SP  - 1-12
EP  - 1-12
PB  - EDP Sciences
SN  - 00046361
KW  - globular clusters: individual: ω Cen
KW  - stars: abundances
KW  - stars: horizontal-branch
KW  - stars: oscillations
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.10626
N2  - A fraction of the extreme horizontal branch stars of globular clusters exhibit a periodic light variability that has been attributed to rotational modulation caused by surface spots. These spots are believed to be connected to inhomogeneous surface distribution of elements. However, the presence of such spots has not been tested against spectroscopic data. We analyzed the phase-resolved ESO X-shooter spectroscopy of three extreme horizontal branch stars that are members of the globular cluster ω Cen and also display periodic light variations. The aim of our study is to understand the nature of the light variability of these stars and to test whether the spots can reproduce the observed variability. Our spectroscopic analysis of these stars did not detect any phase-locked abundance variations that are able to reproduce the light variability. Instead, we revealed the phase variability of effective temperature and surface gravity. In particular, the stars show the highest temperature around the light maximum. This points to pulsations as a possible cause of the observed spectroscopic and photometric variations. However, such an interpretation is in a strong conflict with Ritter’s law, which relates the pulsational period to the mean stellar density. The location of the ω Cen variable extreme horizontal branch stars in HR diagram corresponds to an extension of PG 1716 stars toward lower temperatures or blue, low-gravity, large-amplitude pulsators toward lower luminosities, albeit with much longer periods. Other models of light variability, namely, related to temperature spots, should also be tested further. The estimated masses of these stars in the range of 0.2–0.3 M⊙ are too low for helium-burning objects.
ER  -

KRTIČKA, Jiří, Iva KRTIČKOVÁ, C. MONI BIDIN, Michal KAJAN, S. ZAGGIA, L. MONACO, Jan JANÍK, Zdeněk MIKULÁŠEK and Ernst PAUNZEN. The nature of medium-period variables on the extreme horizontal branch I. X-shooter study of variable stars in the globular cluster ω Cen. \textit{Astronomy and Astrophysics}. EDP Sciences, 2024, vol.~683, March 2024, p.~1-12. ISSN~0004-6361. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202347359.

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