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ČERVEŇÁK, Vladimír, Vít VŠIANSKÝ, Martina CVIKOVÁ, Jaroslav BRICHTA, Jan VINKLÁREK, Jakub ŠTEFELA, Michal HARŠÁNY, Michal HAJEK, Roman HERZIG, David KOURIL, Veronika BARKOVA, Pavel FILIP, Petr AULICKY and Viktor WEISS. Cerebral air embolism: neurologic manifestations, prognosis, and outcome. Frontiers in Neurology. Lausanne: Frontiers, 2024, vol. 15, June 2024, p. 1-11. ISSN 1664-2295. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2024.1417006.

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TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2418608
AU  - Červeňák, Vladimír - Všianský, Vít - Cviková, Martina - Brichta, Jaroslav - Vinklárek, Jan - Štefela, Jakub - Haršány, Michal - Hajek, Michal - Herzig, Roman - Kouril, David - Barkova, Veronika - Filip, Pavel - Aulicky, Petr - Weiss, Viktor
PY  - 2024
TI  - Cerebral air embolism: neurologic manifestations, prognosis, and outcome
JF  - Frontiers in Neurology
VL  - 15
IS  - June 2024
SP  - 1-11
EP  - 1-11
PB  - Frontiers
SN  - 16642295
KW  - air embolism
KW  - cerebral embolism
KW  - cerebral stroke
KW  - hyperbaric oxygen therapy
KW  - neurological emergency
UR  - https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/neurology/articles/10.3389/fneur.2024.1417006/full
N2  - Background Cerebral air embolism (CAE) is an uncommon medical emergency with a potentially fatal course. We have retrospectively analyzed a set of patients treated with CAE at our comprehensive stroke center and a hyperbaric medicine center. An overview of the pathophysiology, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of CAE is provided.Results We retrospectively identified 11 patients with cerebral venous and arterial air emboli that highlight the diversity in etiologies, manifestations, and disease courses encountered clinically. Acute-onset stroke syndrome and a progressive impairment of consciousness were the two most common presentations in four patients each (36%). Two patients (18%) suffered from an acute-onset coma, and one (9%) was asymptomatic. Four patients (36%) were treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBTO), high-flow oxygen therapy without HBOT was started in two patients (18%), two patients (18%) were in critical care at the time of diagnosis and three (27%) received no additional treatment. CAE was fatal in five cases (46%), caused severe disability in two (18%), mild disability in three (27%), and a single patient had no lasting deficit (9%).Conclusion Cerebral air embolism is a dangerous condition that necessitates high clinical vigilance. Due to its diverse presentation, the diagnosis can be missed or delayed in critically ill patients and result in long-lasting or fatal neurological complications. Preventative measures and a proper diagnostic and treatment approach reduce CAE's incidence and impact.
ER  -

Basic information
Original name	Cerebral air embolism: neurologic manifestations, prognosis, and outcome
Authors	ČERVEŇÁK, Vladimír (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Vít VŠIANSKÝ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Martina CVIKOVÁ (703 Slovakia, belonging to the institution), Jaroslav BRICHTA (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Jan VINKLÁREK (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Jakub ŠTEFELA (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Michal HARŠÁNY (703 Slovakia, belonging to the institution), Michal HAJEK (203 Czech Republic), Roman HERZIG (203 Czech Republic), David KOURIL (203 Czech Republic), Veronika BARKOVA (203 Czech Republic), Pavel FILIP (203 Czech Republic), Petr AULICKY (203 Czech Republic) and Viktor WEISS (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution).
Edition	Frontiers in Neurology, Lausanne, Frontiers, 2024, 1664-2295.

Other information
Original language	English
Type of outcome	Article in a journal
Field of Study	30210 Clinical neurology
Country of publisher	Switzerland
Confidentiality degree	is not subject to a state or trade secret
WWW	URL
Impact factor	Impact factor: 3.400 in 2022
Organization unit	Faculty of Medicine
Doi	http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2024.1417006
UT WoS	001260491000001
Keywords in English	air embolism; cerebral embolism; cerebral stroke; hyperbaric oxygen therapy; neurological emergency
Tags	14110119, 14110127, rivok
Tags	International impact, Reviewed
Changed by	Changed by: Mgr. Tereza Miškechová, učo 341652. Changed: 15/7/2024 12:35.

Abstract
Background Cerebral air embolism (CAE) is an uncommon medical emergency with a potentially fatal course. We have retrospectively analyzed a set of patients treated with CAE at our comprehensive stroke center and a hyperbaric medicine center. An overview of the pathophysiology, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of CAE is provided.Results We retrospectively identified 11 patients with cerebral venous and arterial air emboli that highlight the diversity in etiologies, manifestations, and disease courses encountered clinically. Acute-onset stroke syndrome and a progressive impairment of consciousness were the two most common presentations in four patients each (36%). Two patients (18%) suffered from an acute-onset coma, and one (9%) was asymptomatic. Four patients (36%) were treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBTO), high-flow oxygen therapy without HBOT was started in two patients (18%), two patients (18%) were in critical care at the time of diagnosis and three (27%) received no additional treatment. CAE was fatal in five cases (46%), caused severe disability in two (18%), mild disability in three (27%), and a single patient had no lasting deficit (9%).Conclusion Cerebral air embolism is a dangerous condition that necessitates high clinical vigilance. Due to its diverse presentation, the diagnosis can be missed or delayed in critically ill patients and result in long-lasting or fatal neurological complications. Preventative measures and a proper diagnostic and treatment approach reduce CAE's incidence and impact.

Abstract

Background Cerebral air embolism (CAE) is an uncommon medical emergency with a potentially fatal course. We have retrospectively analyzed a set of patients treated with CAE at our comprehensive stroke center and a hyperbaric medicine center. An overview of the pathophysiology, causes, diagnosis, and treatment of CAE is provided.Results We retrospectively identified 11 patients with cerebral venous and arterial air emboli that highlight the diversity in etiologies, manifestations, and disease courses encountered clinically. Acute-onset stroke syndrome and a progressive impairment of consciousness were the two most common presentations in four patients each (36%). Two patients (18%) suffered from an acute-onset coma, and one (9%) was asymptomatic. Four patients (36%) were treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBTO), high-flow oxygen therapy without HBOT was started in two patients (18%), two patients (18%) were in critical care at the time of diagnosis and three (27%) received no additional treatment. CAE was fatal in five cases (46%), caused severe disability in two (18%), mild disability in three (27%), and a single patient had no lasting deficit (9%).Conclusion Cerebral air embolism is a dangerous condition that necessitates high clinical vigilance. Due to its diverse presentation, the diagnosis can be missed or delayed in critically ill patients and result in long-lasting or fatal neurological complications. Preventative measures and a proper diagnostic and treatment approach reduce CAE's incidence and impact.