J 2024

2023 summer warmth unparalleled over the past 2,000 years

ESPER, Jan, Max TORBENSON and Ulf BÜNTGEN

Basic information

Original name

2023 summer warmth unparalleled over the past 2,000 years

Authors

ESPER, Jan, Max TORBENSON and Ulf BÜNTGEN (276 Germany, belonging to the institution)

Edition

Nature, Nature Research, 2024, 0028-0836

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Článek v odborném periodiku

Field of Study

10500 1.5. Earth and related environmental sciences

Country of publisher

Germany

Confidentiality degree

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

References:

Impact factor

Impact factor: 64.800 in 2022

Organization unit

Faculty of Science

DOI

UT WoS

001260579300001

Keywords in English

Climate change; Palaeoclimate

Tags

Tags

International impact, Reviewed
Změněno: 17/7/2024 09:48, Mgr. Marie Šípková, DiS.

Abstract

V originále

Including an exceptionally warm Northern Hemisphere summer1,2, 2023 has been reported as the hottest year on record3,4,5. However, contextualizing recent anthropogenic warming against past natural variability is challenging because the sparse meteorological records from the nineteenth century tend to overestimate temperatures6. Here we combine observed and reconstructed June–August surface air temperatures to show that 2023 was the warmest Northern Hemisphere extra-tropical summer over the past 2,000 years exceeding the 95% confidence range of natural climate variability by more than 0.5 °C. Comparison of the 2023 June–August warming against the coldest reconstructed summer in CE 536 shows a maximum range of pre-Anthropocene-to-2023 temperatures of 3.93 °C. Although 2023 is consistent with a greenhouse-gases-induced warming trend7 that is amplified by an unfolding El Niño event8, this extreme emphasizes the urgency to implement international agreements for carbon emission reduction.