600 years of wine must quality and April to August temperatures
in western Europe 1420-2019

J 2024

600 years of wine must quality and April to August temperatures in western Europe 1420-2019

PFISTER, Christian, Stefan BRÖNNIMANN, Andres ALTWEGG, Rudolf BRÁZDIL, Laurent LITZENBURGER et. al.

Basic information

Original name

600 years of wine must quality and April to August temperatures in western Europe 1420-2019

Authors

PFISTER, Christian, Stefan BRÖNNIMANN, Andres ALTWEGG, Rudolf BRÁZDIL (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Laurent LITZENBURGER, Daniele LORUSSO and Thomas PLIEMON

Edition

Climate of the Past, Copernicus Publications, 2024, 1814-9324

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Článek v odborném periodiku

Field of Study

10510 Climatic research

Country of publisher

Germany

Confidentiality degree

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

References:

URL

Impact factor

Impact factor: 4.300 in 2022

Organization unit

Faculty of Science

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1387-2024

UT WoS

001255272400001

Keywords (in Czech)

kvalita vinného moštu; vinobaní; proxy letních teplot; synoptický typ; historická klimatologie; západní Evropa

Keywords in English

wine must quality; grape harvest; summer temperature proxy; weather type; historical climatology; Western Europe

Abstract

V originále

This study investigates the validity of wine must quality as an April-to-August temperature proxy between 1420 and 2019 based on expert ratings and quality measurements from Germany, Luxembourg, eastern France, and the Swiss Plateau. This is highly relevant as uncertainties remain on past climate variations during this period. The evidence was reviewed according to the best practice of historical climatology. Expert ratings tended to agree with Oechsle density measurements that gradually replaced them from the 1840s. A statistical model calibrated to predict wine must quality from climate data explains 75 % of the variance, underlining the potential value of wine must quality as a climate proxy. Premium crops were collected in years of early harvest involving high insolation during maturation, while poor crops resulted from very late harvests in cold and wet summers. An analysis of daily weather types for high- and low-quality years after 1763 shows marked differences. On a decadal timescale, the average quality was highest from 1470 to 1479, from 1536 to 1545, and from 1945 to 1954. Poor crops were collected in periods with prevailing cold and wet summers such as 1453 to 1466, 1485 to 1494, 1585 to 1614, 1685 to 1703, 1812 to 1821, and 1876 to 1936. In the period of enhanced warming after 1990, high quality became the rule.

Citovat

PFISTER, Christian, Stefan BRÖNNIMANN, Andres ALTWEGG, Rudolf BRÁZDIL, Laurent LITZENBURGER, Daniele LORUSSO and Thomas PLIEMON. 600 years of wine must quality and April to August temperatures in western Europe 1420-2019. Climate of the Past. Copernicus Publications, 2024, vol. 20, No 6, p. 1387-1399. ISSN 1814-9324. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1387-2024.

@article{2426777,
   author = {Pfister, Christian and Brönnimann, Stefan and Altwegg, Andres and Brázdil, Rudolf and Litzenburger, Laurent and Lorusso, Daniele and Pliemon, Thomas},
   article_number = {6},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1387-2024},
   keywords = {wine must quality; grape harvest; summer temperature proxy; weather type; historical climatology; Western Europe},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {1814-9324},
   journal = {Climate of the Past},
   title = {600 years of wine must quality and April to August temperatures in western Europe 1420-2019},
   url = {https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/20/1387/2024/},
   volume = {20},
   year = {2024}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2426777
AU  - Pfister, Christian - Brönnimann, Stefan - Altwegg, Andres - Brázdil, Rudolf - Litzenburger, Laurent - Lorusso, Daniele - Pliemon, Thomas
PY  - 2024
TI  - 600 years of wine must quality and April to August temperatures in western Europe 1420-2019
JF  - Climate of the Past
VL  - 20
IS  - 6
SP  - 1387-1399
EP  - 1387-1399
PB  - Copernicus Publications
SN  - 18149324
KW  - wine must quality
KW  - grape harvest
KW  - summer temperature proxy
KW  - weather type
KW  - historical climatology
KW  - Western Europe
UR  - https://cp.copernicus.org/articles/20/1387/2024/
N2  - This study investigates the validity of wine must quality as an April-to-August temperature proxy between 1420 and 2019 based on expert ratings and quality measurements from Germany, Luxembourg, eastern France, and the Swiss Plateau. This is highly relevant as uncertainties remain on past climate variations during this period. The evidence was reviewed according to the best practice of historical climatology. Expert ratings tended to agree with Oechsle density measurements that gradually replaced them from the 1840s. A statistical model calibrated to predict wine must quality from climate data explains 75 % of the variance, underlining the potential value of wine must quality as a climate proxy. Premium crops were collected in years of early harvest involving high insolation during maturation, while poor crops resulted from very late harvests in cold and wet summers. An analysis of daily weather types for high- and low-quality years after 1763 shows marked differences. On a decadal timescale, the average quality was highest from 1470 to 1479, from 1536 to 1545, and from 1945 to 1954. Poor crops were collected in periods with prevailing cold and wet summers such as 1453 to 1466, 1485 to 1494, 1585 to 1614, 1685 to 1703, 1812 to 1821, and 1876 to 1936. In the period of enhanced warming after 1990, high quality became the rule.
ER  -

PFISTER, Christian, Stefan BRÖNNIMANN, Andres ALTWEGG, Rudolf BRÁZDIL, Laurent LITZENBURGER, Daniele LORUSSO and Thomas PLIEMON. 600 years of wine must quality and April to August temperatures in western Europe 1420-2019. \textit{Climate of the Past}. Copernicus Publications, 2024, vol.~20, No~6, p.~1387-1399. ISSN~1814-9324. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-1387-2024.

Detailed Information on Publication Record