Post-vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity against
severe cases of COVID-19 and long COVID after infection with
SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, Czechia, December 2021 to
August 2023

J 2024

Post-vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity against severe cases of COVID-19 and long COVID after infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, Czechia, December 2021 to August 2023

ŠMÍD, Martin, Tamara BARUSOVÁ, Jiří JARKOVSKÝ, Ondřej MÁJEK, Tomáš PAVLÍK et. al.

Basic information

Original name

Post-vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity against severe cases of COVID-19 and long COVID after infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, Czechia, December 2021 to August 2023

Authors

ŠMÍD, Martin, Tamara BARUSOVÁ, Jiří JARKOVSKÝ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Ondřej MÁJEK (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Tomáš PAVLÍK (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Lenka PŘIBYLOVÁ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Josefína WEINEROVÁ, Milan ZAJÍČEK and Jan TRNKA (guarantor)

Edition

Eurosurveillance, European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2024, 1025-496X

Other information

Language

English

Type of outcome

Článek v odborném periodiku

Field of Study

30303 Infectious Diseases

Country of publisher

Sweden

Confidentiality degree

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

References:

URL

Impact factor

Impact factor: 19.000 in 2022

Organization unit

Faculty of Medicine

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.35.2300690

UT WoS

001308042700002

Keywords in English

COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants; post-vaccination; post-infection; hybrid immunity

Abstract

V originále

Background COVID-19 remains a major infectious disease with substantial implications for individual and public health including the risk of a post-infection syndrome, long COVID. The continuous changes in dominant variants of SARS-CoV-2 necessitate a careful study of the effect of preventative strategies. Aim We aimed to estimate the effectiveness of post-vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity against severe cases requiring oxygen support caused by infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants BA1/2 and BA4/5+, and against long COVID in the infected population and their changes over time. Methods We used a Cox regression analysis with time-varying covariates and calendar time and logistic regression applied to national-level data from Czechia from December 2021 until August 2023. Results Recently boosted vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity provide significant protection against a severe course of COVID-19, while unboosted vaccination more than 10 months ago has a negligible protective effect. The post-vaccination immunity against the BA1/2 or BA4/5+ variants, especially based on the original vaccine types, appears to wane rapidly compared with post-infection and hybrid immunity. Once infected, however, previous immunity plays only a small protective role against long COVID. Conclusion Vaccination remains an effective preventative measure against a severe course of COVID-19 but its effectiveness wanes over time thus highlighting the importance of booster doses. Once infected, vaccines may have a small protective effect against the development of long COVID.

Links

MUNI/A/1132/2022, interní kód MU

Name: Matematické a statistické modelování 7

Investor: Masaryk University

101063853, interní kód MU

Name: Models with cross-interactions between partial dynamical processes aiming to understand significant or abrupt dynamic changes. (Acronym: CrossInteractions)

Investor: European Union, Marie Skłodowska-Curie Postdoctoral Fellowships (MSCA PF)

Citovat

ŠMÍD, Martin, Tamara BARUSOVÁ, Jiří JARKOVSKÝ, Ondřej MÁJEK, Tomáš PAVLÍK, Lenka PŘIBYLOVÁ, Josefína WEINEROVÁ, Milan ZAJÍČEK and Jan TRNKA. Post-vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity against severe cases of COVID-19 and long COVID after infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, Czechia, December 2021 to August 2023. Eurosurveillance. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2024, vol. 29, No 35, p. 1-10. ISSN 1025-496X. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.35.2300690.

@article{2428440,
   author = {Šmíd, Martin and Barusová, Tamara and Jarkovský, Jiří and Májek, Ondřej and Pavlík, Tomáš and Přibylová, Lenka and Weinerová, Josefína and Zajíček, Milan and Trnka, Jan},
   article_number = {35},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.35.2300690},
   keywords = {COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants; post-vaccination; post-infection; hybrid immunity},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {1025-496X},
   journal = {Eurosurveillance},
   title = {Post-vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity against severe cases of COVID-19 and long COVID after infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, Czechia, December 2021 to August 2023},
   url = {https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.35.2300690},
   volume = {29},
   year = {2024}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2428440
AU  - Šmíd, Martin - Barusová, Tamara - Jarkovský, Jiří - Májek, Ondřej - Pavlík, Tomáš - Přibylová, Lenka - Weinerová, Josefína - Zajíček, Milan - Trnka, Jan
PY  - 2024
TI  - Post-vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity against severe cases of COVID-19 and long COVID after infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, Czechia, December 2021 to August 2023
JF  - Eurosurveillance
VL  - 29
IS  - 35
SP  - 1-10
EP  - 1-10
PB  - European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
SN  - 1025496X
KW  - COVID-19
KW  - SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants
KW  - post-vaccination
KW  - post-infection
KW  - hybrid immunity
UR  - https://www.eurosurveillance.org/content/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.35.2300690
N2  - Background COVID-19 remains a major infectious disease with substantial implications for individual and public health including the risk of a post-infection syndrome, long COVID. The continuous changes in dominant variants of SARS-CoV-2 necessitate a careful study of the effect of preventative strategies. Aim We aimed to estimate the effectiveness of post-vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity against severe cases requiring oxygen support caused by infections with SARS-CoV-2 variants BA1/2 and BA4/5+, and against long COVID in the infected population and their changes over time. Methods We used a Cox regression analysis with time-varying covariates and calendar time and logistic regression applied to national-level data from Czechia from December 2021 until August 2023. Results Recently boosted vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity provide significant protection against a severe course of COVID-19, while unboosted vaccination more than 10 months ago has a negligible protective effect. The post-vaccination immunity against the BA1/2 or BA4/5+ variants, especially based on the original vaccine types, appears to wane rapidly compared with post-infection and hybrid immunity. Once infected, however, previous immunity plays only a small protective role against long COVID. Conclusion Vaccination remains an effective preventative measure against a severe course of COVID-19 but its effectiveness wanes over time thus highlighting the importance of booster doses. Once infected, vaccines may have a small protective effect against the development of long COVID.
ER  -

ŠMÍD, Martin, Tamara BARUSOVÁ, Jiří JARKOVSKÝ, Ondřej MÁJEK, Tomáš PAVLÍK, Lenka PŘIBYLOVÁ, Josefína WEINEROVÁ, Milan ZAJÍČEK and Jan TRNKA. Post-vaccination, post-infection and hybrid immunity against severe cases of COVID-19 and long COVID after infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants, Czechia, December 2021 to August 2023. \textit{Eurosurveillance}. European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 2024, vol.~29, No~35, p.~1-10. ISSN~1025-496X. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2024.29.35.2300690.

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