TOI-4504: Exceptionally Large Transit Timing Variations Induced
by Two Resonant Warm Gas Giants in a Three-planet System

J 2025

TOI-4504: Exceptionally Large Transit Timing Variations Induced by Two Resonant Warm Gas Giants in a Three-planet System

VÍTKOVÁ, Michaela; Rafael BRAHM; Trifon TRIFONOV; Petr KABATH; Andres JORDAN et. al.

Základní údaje

Originální název

TOI-4504: Exceptionally Large Transit Timing Variations Induced by Two Resonant Warm Gas Giants in a Three-planet System

Autoři

VÍTKOVÁ, Michaela (203 Česká republika, domácí); Rafael BRAHM; Trifon TRIFONOV; Petr KABATH; Andres JORDAN; Thomas HENNING; Melissa J HOBSON; Jan EBERHARDT; Marcelo Tala PINTO; Felipe I ROJAS; Nestor ESPINOZA; Martin SCHLECKER; Matias I JONES; Maximiliano MOYANO; Susana EYHERAMENDY; Carl ZIEGLER; Jack J LISSAUER; Andrew VANDERBURG; Karen A COLLINS; Bill WOHLER; David WATANABE; George R RICKER; Roland VANDERSPEK; Sara SEAGER; Joshua N WINN; Jon M JENKINS a Marek SKARKA (203 Česká republika, domácí)

Vydání

Astrophysical Journal Letters, BRISTOL, IOP Publishing Ltd, 2025, 2041-8205

Další údaje

Jazyk

angličtina

Typ výsledku

Článek v odborném periodiku

Obor

10308 Astronomy

Stát vydavatele

Velká Británie a Severní Irsko

Utajení

není předmětem státního či obchodního tajemství

Odkazy

URL URL

Impakt faktor

Impact factor: 8.800 v roce 2023

Organizační jednotka

Přírodovědecká fakulta

DOI

http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad9a53

UT WoS

001412687000001

EID Scopus

2-s2.0-85216095336

Klíčová slova anglicky

Exoplanet dynamics; Transit photometry; Transit timing variation method; Radial velocity

Štítky

rivok

Příznaky

Mezinárodní význam, Recenzováno

Změněno: 22. 5. 2025 10:53, Mgr. Marie Novosadová Šípková, DiS.

Anotace

V originále

We present a joint analysis of transit timing variations (TTVs) and Doppler data for the transiting exoplanet system TOI-4504. TOI-4504 c is a warm Jupiter-mass planet that exhibits the largest known TTVs, with a peak-to-node amplitude of similar to 2 days, the largest value ever observed, and a superperiod of similar to 930 days. TOI-4504 b and c were identified in public Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data, while the TTVs observed in TOI-4504 c, together with radial velocity (RV) data collected with FEROS, allowed us to uncover a third, nontransiting planet in this system, TOI-4504 d. We were able to detect transits of TOI-4504 b in the TESS data with a period of 2.4261 +/- 0.0001 days and derive a radius of 2.69 +/- 0.19 R-circle plus. The RV scatter of TOI-4504 was too large to constrain the mass of TOI-4504 b, but the RV signals of TOI-4504 c and d were sufficiently large to measure their masses. The TTV+RV dynamical model we apply confirms TOI-4504 c as a warm Jupiter planet with an osculating period of 82.54 +/- 0.02 days, a mass of 3.77 +/- 0.18 M-J, and a radius of 0.99 +/- 0.05 R-J, while the nontransiting planet TOI-4504 d has an orbital period of 40.56 +/- 0.04 days and a mass of 1.42(-0.06)(+0.07)M(J). We present the discovery of a system with three exoplanets: a hot sub-Neptune and two warm Jupiter planets. The gas giant pair is stable and likely locked in a first-order 2:1 mean-motion resonance (MMR). The TOI-4504 system is an important addition to MMR pairs, whose increasing occurrence supports a smooth migration into a resonant configuration during the protoplanetary disk phase.

Citovat

VÍTKOVÁ, Michaela; Rafael BRAHM; Trifon TRIFONOV; Petr KABATH; Andres JORDAN; Thomas HENNING; Melissa J HOBSON; Jan EBERHARDT; Marcelo Tala PINTO; Felipe I ROJAS; Nestor ESPINOZA; Martin SCHLECKER; Matias I JONES; Maximiliano MOYANO; Susana EYHERAMENDY; Carl ZIEGLER; Jack J LISSAUER; Andrew VANDERBURG; Karen A COLLINS; Bill WOHLER; David WATANABE; George R RICKER; Roland VANDERSPEK; Sara SEAGER; Joshua N WINN; Jon M JENKINS a Marek SKARKA. TOI-4504: Exceptionally Large Transit Timing Variations Induced by Two Resonant Warm Gas Giants in a Three-planet System. Astrophysical Journal Letters. BRISTOL: IOP Publishing Ltd, 2025, roč. 978, č. 2, s. 1-16. ISSN 2041-8205. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad9a53.

@article{2498037,
   author = {Vítková, Michaela and Brahm, Rafael and Trifonov, Trifon and Kabath, Petr and Jordan, Andres and Henning, Thomas and Hobson, Melissa J and Eberhardt, Jan and Pinto, Marcelo Tala and Rojas, Felipe I and Espinoza, Nestor and Schlecker, Martin and Jones, Matias I and Moyano, Maximiliano and Eyheramendy, Susana and Ziegler, Carl and Lissauer, Jack J and Vanderburg, Andrew and Collins, Karen A and Wohler, Bill and Watanabe, David and Ricker, George R and Vanderspek, Roland and Seager, Sara and Winn, Joshua N and Jenkins, Jon M and Skarka, Marek},
   article_location = {BRISTOL},
   article_number = {2},
   doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad9a53},
   keywords = {Exoplanet dynamics; Transit photometry; Transit timing variation method; Radial velocity},
   language = {eng},
   issn = {2041-8205},
   journal = {Astrophysical Journal Letters},
   title = {TOI-4504: Exceptionally Large Transit Timing Variations Induced by Two Resonant Warm Gas Giants in a Three-planet System},
   url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.05609},
   volume = {978},
   year = {2025}
}

TY  - JOUR
ID  - 2498037
AU  - Vítková, Michaela - Brahm, Rafael - Trifonov, Trifon - Kabath, Petr - Jordan, Andres - Henning, Thomas - Hobson, Melissa J - Eberhardt, Jan - Pinto, Marcelo Tala - Rojas, Felipe I - Espinoza, Nestor - Schlecker, Martin - Jones, Matias I - Moyano, Maximiliano - Eyheramendy, Susana - Ziegler, Carl - Lissauer, Jack J - Vanderburg, Andrew - Collins, Karen A - Wohler, Bill - Watanabe, David - Ricker, George R - Vanderspek, Roland - Seager, Sara - Winn, Joshua N - Jenkins, Jon M - Skarka, Marek
PY  - 2025
TI  - TOI-4504: Exceptionally Large Transit Timing Variations Induced by Two Resonant Warm Gas Giants in a Three-planet System
JF  - Astrophysical Journal Letters
VL  - 978
IS  - 2
SP  - 1-16
EP  - 1-16
PB  - IOP Publishing Ltd
SN  - 20418205
KW  - Exoplanet dynamics
KW  - Transit photometry
KW  - Transit timing variation method
KW  - Radial velocity
UR  - https://arxiv.org/abs/2412.05609
N2  - We present a joint analysis of transit timing variations (TTVs) and Doppler data for the transiting exoplanet system TOI-4504. TOI-4504 c is a warm Jupiter-mass planet that exhibits the largest known TTVs, with a peak-to-node amplitude of similar to 2 days, the largest value ever observed, and a superperiod of similar to 930 days. TOI-4504 b and c were identified in public Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) data, while the TTVs observed in TOI-4504 c, together with radial velocity (RV) data collected with FEROS, allowed us to uncover a third, nontransiting planet in this system, TOI-4504 d. We were able to detect transits of TOI-4504 b in the TESS data with a period of 2.4261 +/- 0.0001 days and derive a radius of 2.69 +/- 0.19 R-circle plus. The RV scatter of TOI-4504 was too large to constrain the mass of TOI-4504 b, but the RV signals of TOI-4504 c and d were sufficiently large to measure their masses. The TTV+RV dynamical model we apply confirms TOI-4504 c as a warm Jupiter planet with an osculating period of 82.54 +/- 0.02 days, a mass of 3.77 +/- 0.18 M-J, and a radius of 0.99 +/- 0.05 R-J, while the nontransiting planet TOI-4504 d has an orbital period of 40.56 +/- 0.04 days and a mass of 1.42(-0.06)(+0.07)M(J). We present the discovery of a system with three exoplanets: a hot sub-Neptune and two warm Jupiter planets. The gas giant pair is stable and likely locked in a first-order 2:1 mean-motion resonance (MMR). The TOI-4504 system is an important addition to MMR pairs, whose increasing occurrence supports a smooth migration into a resonant configuration during the protoplanetary disk phase.
ER  -

VÍTKOVÁ, Michaela; Rafael BRAHM; Trifon TRIFONOV; Petr KABATH; Andres JORDAN; Thomas HENNING; Melissa J HOBSON; Jan EBERHARDT; Marcelo Tala PINTO; Felipe I ROJAS; Nestor ESPINOZA; Martin SCHLECKER; Matias I JONES; Maximiliano MOYANO; Susana EYHERAMENDY; Carl ZIEGLER; Jack J LISSAUER; Andrew VANDERBURG; Karen A COLLINS; Bill WOHLER; David WATANABE; George R RICKER; Roland VANDERSPEK; Sara SEAGER; Joshua N WINN; Jon M JENKINS a Marek SKARKA. TOI-4504: Exceptionally Large Transit Timing Variations Induced by Two Resonant Warm Gas Giants in a Three-planet System. \textit{Astrophysical Journal Letters}. BRISTOL: IOP Publishing Ltd, 2025, roč.~978, č.~2, s.~1-16. ISSN~2041-8205. Dostupné z: https://dx.doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ad9a53.

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