Between 1998 and 1999, research of macrozoobenthos of the Dyje River below the Nové Mlýny Reservoirs was carried out with the objective to evaluate the impact of the reservoirs on the river biota. In this paper, the faunistic data from this research are presented. Altogether, 261 mostly benthic macroinvertebrates were found including several rare and endangered species (e.g. Lithoglyphus naticoides, Viviparus acerosus, Pseudanodonta complanata, Unio crassus, Pisidium moitessierianum, Heptagenia coerulans, Gomphus flavipes, Cymatia rogenhoferi). Some species represent first finds in the area, i.e. in the proposed extended area of the Pálava Biosphere Reserve. The mayfly Baetis pentaphlebodes has not been published from the Czech Republic yet.