This paper examines the evolution of the Slovak Party of the Democratic Left (PDL). It analyzes the PDL from its evolution from the Communist Party of Slovakia to its recent internal crisis. It deals also with the PDL's identity conflict between two party wings in the second half of the 1990s - the "radical socialists" and the "modernists" - which ended with the victory of the "radical socialists". In conclusion, the paper argues that the PDL today represents an interesting case of a communist successor party whose ideology lies somewhere between its communist origins and modern social democracy. In short, the PDL can be termed a post-communist "radical socialist" party.