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@article{554370,
author = {Saad, Somaya M. and Kubát, Jiří and Koubský, Pavel and Harmanec, Petr and Škoda, Petr and Korčáková, Daniela and Krtička, Jiří and Šlechta, Miroslav and Božič, Hrvoj and Ak, H. and Hadrava, Petr and Votruba, Viktor},
article_location = {Les Ulis Cedex, France},
article_number = {419},
keywords = {stars: emission-line; Be - stars: individual: kappa Dra - line: profiles},
language = {eng},
issn = {0004-6361},
journal = {Astronomy and Astrophysics},
title = {Properties and nature of Be stars XXIII. Long-term variations and physical properties of kappa Dra},
url = {http://www.edpsciences.org/articles/aa/abs/2004/20/aa0241/aa0241.html},
volume = {35},
year = {2004}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 554370
AU - Saad, Somaya M. - Kubát, Jiří - Koubský, Pavel - Harmanec, Petr - Škoda, Petr - Korčáková, Daniela - Krtička, Jiří - Šlechta, Miroslav - Božič, Hrvoj - Ak, H. - Hadrava, Petr - Votruba, Viktor
PY - 2004
TI - Properties and nature of Be stars XXIII. Long-term variations and physical properties of kappa Dra
JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics
VL - 35
IS - 419
SP - 607-621
EP - 607-621
PB - EDP Sciences
SN - 00046361
KW - stars: emission-line
KW - Be - stars: individual: kappa Dra - line: profiles
UR - http://www.edpsciences.org/articles/aa/abs/2004/20/aa0241/aa0241.html
N2 - We present an analysis of new spectroscopic observations of the bright Be star kappa Dra obtained at the Ondrejov observatory during 1992-2003 and UBV photometric observations secured at several observatories. General characteristics and a line identification of the spectrum of kappa Dra are obtained in the regions 3730-5650 A and 5850-7800 A by a comparison with the theoretical spectrum. The fundamental stellar parameters have been obtained from a comparison with a grid of NLTE model atmospheres. The best fit was found for T_eff =14\ 000 K, log g = 3.5, and v sin i = 170 km/s. These values together with a Hipparcos parallax lead to a stellar mass M= 4.8 +/- 0.8 M_S and radius R=6.4 +/- 0.5 R_S. It is encouraging to see that these values agree well with the expected evolutionary mass and radius for the effective temperature we derived. Long-term variations of kappa Dra were analysed using measurements of equivalent widths, central intensities, peak intensities of emission lines and emission peak velocity differences for H alpha, H beta, H gamma, H delta, and some helium, silicon, and iron lines. The previously reported period of 23 years in the variation of the emission strength is probably a cyclic, not a strictly periodic phenomenon. An attempt to find out a period from all available records of the H beta emission strength led to a value of 8044 +/- 167 days (22.0 years) but the phase plots show that each cycle has a different shape and length. The maximum strength of the emission lags behind the brightness maximum. This is a behaviour usually observed for long-term changes of Be stars with a positive correlation between the brightness and emission strength. Since there are obviously no published speckle observations of the star, we suggest these should be carried out. They could help to deny or confirm the possibility that the emission episodes are triggered by a periastron passage of a putative binary companion moving in an eccentric orbit with a 8044-d period, as it seems to be the case for some Be binaries. For the moment, the nature and origin of the disk around $\varkappa$ Dra remains unknown. From the comparison of the electronic spectra obtained at different phases of the long-term cycle and synthetic spectra it appears that there are no detectable changes in the photospheric part of the Balmer lines related to variations in the Balmer emission strength which could be attributed to an extended photosphere corresponding to inner parts of the disk, optically thick in continuum.
ER -
SAAD, Somaya M., Jiří KUBÁT, Pavel KOUBSKÝ, Petr HARMANEC, Petr ŠKODA, Daniela KORČÁKOVÁ, Jiří KRTIČKA, Miroslav ŠLECHTA, Hrvoj BOŽIČ, H. AK, Petr HADRAVA and Viktor VOTRUBA. Properties and nature of Be stars XXIII. Long-term variations and physical properties of kappa Dra. \textit{Astronomy and Astrophysics}. Les Ulis Cedex, France: EDP Sciences, 2004, vol.~35, No~419, p.~607-621. ISSN~0004-6361.
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