Text refers about concepts of social exclusion and social inclusion, applying them on the Czech Republic. The Concept of social exclusion has replaced - both in discourse of European social science and the discourse of European social policy - an earlier concept of poverty. Truly, victims of social exclusion are more likely to be poor and unemployed. They are more likely than others to live in deprived areas and overcrowdwd housing. Nevertheless, they are chiefly confronted with limitation of their personal freedom and barriers to their participation in the political, social and cultural life of society. There are three way of tackling the problem of social exclusion: preventing social exclusion, integrating the excluded and fulfilling their basic rights. Attention should be focused, simultaneously, on problem of social identity of the excluded and their attitude towards the majority society and its values.