The objective of this paper is to (a) summarize the results of malacological investigations of the West Carpathian treeless spring fens and (b) show how unique sites these fens are. The mollusc communities were studied from several ecological points of view such as: response to the poor-rich mineral gradient, calcicole-calcifuge behaviour, geographical distribution, and historical development. The published or prepared articles concerning above-mentioned topics are cited in the text.