The textbook deals with the sound structure of Czech on the general basis. It characterizes study fields concerned with the sound of speech, examines the relationship between the sound structure and orthography of Czech, describes the activity of speech organs as far as necessary for the study of Czech, and summarizes facts from organogenetic and acoustic phonetics. From the phonological perspective Czech is presented within the frame of the traditional phonological conception. A considerable space of the textbook is dedicated to a description of the phonological system of Czech and to rules of its realizations. The last chapter focuses on principles of cultivated pronunciation. The book also offers a list of the basic literature of the study field.