This article deals with identity of the Communist Party of Slovakia (KSS). The introduction of the article describes the history of the party and its marginality in Slovak politics during the most part of the era after the fall of the communist regime. This is followed by a presentation of its ideological and programme positions, international relationships and approaches to the communist regime before 1989. The KSS adheres to Marxist and Leninist ideology and defends the communist regime in Czechoslovakia between 1948 and 1989. It declares itself to be the successor of the former state-monopolist Czechoslovak communist party. Its international relations include among others close relations with North-Korean and Cuban communists. The KSS represents one of the most dogmatic communist parties in contemporary Europe.