| GRANNAS, A. M., A. E. JONES, J. DIBB, M. AMMAN, C. ANASTASIO, H. J. BEINE, M. BERGIN, J. BOTTENHEIM, C. S. BOXE, G. CARVER, G. CHEN, J. H. CRAWFORD, F. DOMINE, M. M. FREY, M. I. GUZMAN, D. E. HEARD, D. HELMIG, M. R. HOFFMANN, R. E. HONRATH, L. G. HUEY, M. HUTTERLI, H. W. JACOBI, Petr KLÁN, B. LEFER, J. MCCONNELL, J. PLANE, R. SANDER, J. SAVARINO, P. B. SHEPSON, W. R. SIMPSON, J. R. SODEAU, R. VON GLASOW, R. WELLER, E. W. WOLFF and T. ZHU. An overview of snow photochemistry: evidence, mechanisms and impacts. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions. Strasbourg, France: European Geosciences Union, 2007, vol. 7, No 2, p. 4329–4373, 44 pp. ISSN 1680-7316. |
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@article{719736,
author = {Grannas, A. M. and Jones, A. E. and Dibb, J. and Amman, M. and Anastasio, C. and Beine, H. J. and Bergin, M. and Bottenheim, J. and Boxe, C. S. and Carver, G. and Chen, G. and Crawford, J. H. and Domine, F. and Frey, M. M. and Guzman, M. I. and Heard, D. E. and Helmig, D. and Hoffmann, M. R. and Honrath, R. E. and Huey, L. G. and Hutterli, M. and Jacobi, H. W. and Klán, Petr and Lefer, B. and McConnell, J. and Plane, J. and Sander, R. and Savarino, J. and Shepson, P. B. and Simpson, W. R. and Sodeau, J. R. and von Glasow, R. and Weller, R. and Wolff, E. W. and Zhu, T.},
article_location = {Strasbourg, France},
article_number = {2},
keywords = {Photochemistry; snow; review},
language = {eng},
issn = {1680-7316},
journal = {Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions},
title = {An overview of snow photochemistry: evidence, mechanisms and impacts},
volume = {7},
year = {2007}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 719736
AU - Grannas, A. M. - Jones, A. E. - Dibb, J. - Amman, M. - Anastasio, C. - Beine, H. J. - Bergin, M. - Bottenheim, J. - Boxe, C. S. - Carver, G. - Chen, G. - Crawford, J. H. - Domine, F. - Frey, M. M. - Guzman, M. I. - Heard, D. E. - Helmig, D. - Hoffmann, M. R. - Honrath, R. E. - Huey, L. G. - Hutterli, M. - Jacobi, H. W. - Klán, Petr - Lefer, B. - McConnell, J. - Plane, J. - Sander, R. - Savarino, J. - Shepson, P. B. - Simpson, W. R. - Sodeau, J. R. - von Glasow, R. - Weller, R. - Wolff, E. W. - Zhu, T.
PY - 2007
TI - An overview of snow photochemistry: evidence, mechanisms and impacts
JF - Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions
VL - 7
IS - 2
SP - 4329–4373
EP - 4329–4373
PB - European Geosciences Union
SN - 16807316
KW - Photochemistry
KW - snow
KW - review
N2 - It has been shown that sunlit snow and ice plays an important role in processing atmospheric species. Photochemical production of a variety of chemicals has recently been reported to occur in snow/ice and the release of these photochemically generated 5 species may significantly impact the chemistry of the overlying atmosphere. Nitrogen oxide and oxidant precursor fluxes have been measured in a number of snow covered environments, where in some cases the emissions significantly impact the overlying boundary layer. For example, photochemical ozone production (such as that occurring in polluted mid-latitudes) of 3-4 ppbv/day has been observed at South Pole, due 10 to high OH and NO levels present in a relatively shallow boundary layer. Field and laboratory experiments have determined that the origin of the observed NOx flux is the photochemistry of nitrate within the snowpack, however some details of the mechanism have not yet been elucidated. A variety of low molecular weight organic compounds have been shown to be emitted from sunlit snowpacks, the source of which 15 has been proposed to be either direct or indirect photooxidation of natural organic materials present in the snow. Although myriad studies have observed active processing of species within irradiated snowpacks, the fundamental chemistry occurring remains poorly understood. Here we consider the nature of snow at a fundamental, physical level; photochemical processes within snow and the caveats needed for comparison to 20 atmospheric photochemistry; our current understanding of nitrogen, oxidant, halogen and organic photochemistry within snow; the current limitations faced by the field and implications for the future.
ER -
GRANNAS, A. M., A. E. JONES, J. DIBB, M. AMMAN, C. ANASTASIO, H. J. BEINE, M. BERGIN, J. BOTTENHEIM, C. S. BOXE, G. CARVER, G. CHEN, J. H. CRAWFORD, F. DOMINE, M. M. FREY, M. I. GUZMAN, D. E. HEARD, D. HELMIG, M. R. HOFFMANN, R. E. HONRATH, L. G. HUEY, M. HUTTERLI, H. W. JACOBI, Petr KLÁN, B. LEFER, J. MCCONNELL, J. PLANE, R. SANDER, J. SAVARINO, P. B. SHEPSON, W. R. SIMPSON, J. R. SODEAU, R. VON GLASOW, R. WELLER, E. W. WOLFF and T. ZHU. An overview of snow photochemistry: evidence, mechanisms and impacts. \textit{Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions}. Strasbourg, France: European Geosciences Union, 2007, vol.~7, No~2, p.~4329–4373, 44 pp. ISSN~1680-7316.
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