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@article{991104,
author = {Mikeš, Ondřej and Čupr, Pavel and Kohút, Lukáš and Kršková, A. and Černá, M.},
article_location = {HEIDELBERG, GERMANY},
article_number = {6},
doi = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-0798-z},
keywords = {Human breast milk; Long-term trends; POPs monitoring; Half-lives of POPs in breast milk; Czech Republic; Effectiveness evaluation; Stockholm Convention},
language = {eng},
issn = {0944-1344},
journal = {Environmental Science and Pollution Research},
title = {Fifteen years of monitoring of POPs in the breast milk, Czech Republic, 1994-2009: trends and factors.},
volume = {19},
year = {2012}
}
TY - JOUR
ID - 991104
AU - Mikeš, Ondřej - Čupr, Pavel - Kohút, Lukáš - Kršková, A. - Černá, M.
PY - 2012
TI - Fifteen years of monitoring of POPs in the breast milk, Czech Republic, 1994-2009: trends and factors.
JF - Environmental Science and Pollution Research
VL - 19
IS - 6
SP - 1936-1943
EP - 1936-1943
PB - SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
SN - 09441344
KW - Human breast milk
KW - Long-term trends
KW - POPs monitoring
KW - Half-lives of POPs in breast milk
KW - Czech Republic
KW - Effectiveness evaluation
KW - Stockholm Convention
N2 - The breast milk has been recommended to carry out as a monitoring tool for effectiveness evaluation of the Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants (POPs). Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloro-ethane (DDT) and its metabolites (DDX), hexachlorbenzene (HCB) and isomers of hexachlocyklohexane (HCHs) have been monitored in the breast milk of nursing mothers in the Czech Republic since 1994 as a part of The Environmental Health Monitoring System. Knowledge about long-term POPs distribution and accumulation in the human body is crucial to understanding uptake, degradation and subsequent effects as well as to conduct risk assessments. The main aim of this study is to evaluate 15-years long-term trends of selected POPs in human milk in the Czech Republic and to elucidate the questionnaire information about the age, parity and social habits, to the final concentrations. This effectiveness evaluation of POPs restriction is quite precisely after 15-years monitoring campaigns.The human milk samples (4,753 samples) were analysed for a number of chlorinated organic chemicals including PCBs and selected chlorinated pesticides (OCPs, HCB, HCHs, DDX). The relative change of concentration per year for all chemicals was analysed. The remaining percentages of POPs in breast milk in comparison to 1994 are also expressed. Czech population half-lives of POPs in breast milk, derived from either linear or exponential models were computed.The long-term data indicates a continuation of a decreasing trend of POPs concentrations on breast milk. Our study did not confirm lactation and parity as an important outflux resulting in the decrease in concentrations in mothers, which is in the antagonism with most of the studies. The higher BMI was associated with higher amounts of HCB and lower amounts of higher chlorinated PCBs. This ongoing long-term study is very useful tool for parametric effectiveness evaluation of Stockholm Convention.
ER -
MIKEŠ, Ondřej, Pavel ČUPR, Lukáš KOHÚT, A. KRŠKOVÁ and M. ČERNÁ. Fifteen years of monitoring of POPs in the breast milk, Czech Republic, 1994-2009: trends and factors. \textit{Environmental Science and Pollution Research}. HEIDELBERG, GERMANY: SPRINGER HEIDELBERG, 2012, vol.~19, No~6, p.~1936-1943. ISSN~0944-1344. Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11356-012-0798-z.
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