THEOPOLD, Ulrich, Zhi WANG, Pavel DOBEŠ, Robert MARKUS and Pavel HYRŠL. Drosophila immune responses against entomopathogenic nematodes. In XXIV International Congress of Entomology. 2012.
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Basic information
Original name Drosophila immune responses against entomopathogenic nematodes
Name in Czech Drosophila immune responses against entomopathogenic nematodes
Authors THEOPOLD, Ulrich (752 Sweden), Zhi WANG (752 Sweden), Pavel DOBEŠ (203 Czech Republic, belonging to the institution), Robert MARKUS (348 Hungary) and Pavel HYRŠL (203 Czech Republic, guarantor, belonging to the institution).
Edition XXIV International Congress of Entomology, 2012.
Other information
Original language English
Type of outcome Conference abstract
Field of Study 30102 Immunology
Country of publisher Czech Republic
Confidentiality degree is not subject to a state or trade secret
RIV identification code RIV/00216224:14310/12:00060848
Organization unit Faculty of Science
Keywords (in Czech) insect immunity; clotting; wound closure
Keywords in English insect immunity; clotting; wound closure
Tags International impact
Changed by Changed by: Mgr. Pavel Dobeš, Ph.D., učo 150960. Changed: 12/9/2012 11:37.
Abstract
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN’s) of the genera Heterorhabditis are obligate and lethal insect parasites. In recent years they have been used increasingly as biological control agents. Infective juveniles occur free living in the soil and are capable of seeking out hosts and penetrate them through the cuticle or natural orifices. EPN’s are symbiotically associated with bacteria of the genera Photorhabdus. The bacterial symbionts are essential to kill the host (within 24-48 hours) and digest host tissues. Drosophila larvae are more resistant to nematode infection than Galleria mellonella, but both can be used as natural infection model. The tripartite model (Drosophila, nematodes, bacteria) was recently established and used to show an immune function for transglutaminase, a conserved clotting factor. In this study we optimized the use of Drosophila as hosts and used different Drosophila mutants or RNAi lines with defects in clotting or other branches of the immune system. We demonstrated a protective function during nematode infection for known clotting substrates and for a phospholipase, while Toll an Imd immune pathways on their own are not required during nematode infection. The phenoloxidase cascade cooperates with clotting, but is not efficient again nematodes itself. In conclusion, we show that the Heterorhabditis/Photorhabdus infection model is suitable to identify novel regulators of innate immunity.
Abstract (in Czech)
Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN’s) of the genera Heterorhabditis are obligate and lethal insect parasites. In recent years they have been used increasingly as biological control agents. Infective juveniles occur free living in the soil and are capable of seeking out hosts and penetrate them through the cuticle or natural orifices. EPN’s are symbiotically associated with bacteria of the genera Photorhabdus. The bacterial symbionts are essential to kill the host (within 24-48 hours) and digest host tissues. Drosophila larvae are more resistant to nematode infection than Galleria mellonella, but both can be used as natural infection model. The tripartite model (Drosophila, nematodes, bacteria) was recently established and used to show an immune function for transglutaminase, a conserved clotting factor. In this study we optimized the use of Drosophila as hosts and used different Drosophila mutants or RNAi lines with defects in clotting or other branches of the immune system. We demonstrated a protective function during nematode infection for known clotting substrates and for a phospholipase, while Toll an Imd immune pathways on their own are not required during nematode infection. The phenoloxidase cascade cooperates with clotting, but is not efficient again nematodes itself. In conclusion, we show that the Heterorhabditis/Photorhabdus infection model is suitable to identify novel regulators of innate immunity.
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