The bachelor thesis is focused on the self-efficacy of mothers in the upbringing of preschool and adolescent children. The aim of the thesis is to discuss how Czech mothers of preschool and adolescent children perceive their self-efficacy in the activities of upbringing. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with the concept of self-efficacy and its sources. Furthermore, upbringing is described including parenting styles and the period of preschool and adolescence is defined. Finally, the concept of parental self-efficacy is briefly mentioned. The empirical part describes the methodology of the research investigation and interprets the results of the research conducted through a questionnaire survey in which 212 respondents participated.