This thesis deals with the issue of the avoidance of the double international taxation between Czech republic and Slovak republic. The first part of the thesis analyzes the double international taxation in general. The second part considers the double international taxation between Czech republic and Slovak republic from the historical perspective. The next part deals with the Double Taxation Treaty between Czech and Slovak republic. The last part considers the international cooperation in tax matters between Czech republic and Slovak republic, which is necessary for effective avoidance of the double international taxation and moreover it promotes the evalution, social acceptance and institutional strengthening of the tax administrations, encourage international cooperation and the exchange of the experiences and best practices. The double international taxation is a serious problem for the international business and this problem should be avoided by the effective mesures of the states, such as Double Taxation Treaty coherent with OECD´s Model double taxation convention and more effective international cooperation in tax matters between Czech republic and Slovak republic.