This thesis examines retinal detachment, a serious eye condition that can lead to blindness. The introductory words of the theoretical part briefly explain the anatomy and physiology of the retina, which are then complemented by the characteristics of the disease itself. It further includes an overview of the symptoms and factors that influence and accompany retinal detachment. Moreover, the paper discusses diagnostic methods used to assess the disease state. Another section focuses on treatment options and potential complications. The second half of the thesis presents the research part, which focuses on pars plana vitrectomy surgical method.