Diploma Thesis deals first of all with spectrophotometric and mass-spectrometric study of the reaction of thymin containing oligonucleotides (AAAAT, AATAA, AAAATT, AATTAA, ATATAA, ATAATA) with OsO4-bipyridin (OsBipy) complex. It was confirmed via spectrophotometry that more products are formed. MALDI TOF MS study shows that OsBipy is reacting first of all with thymin which is oxidized to di-hydroxy product. But beside expected products, e.g. AAAATT.OsBiPy, also other Os-containing compounds are formed. Probable structures of some of the products are proposed. MALDI TOF MS study is highly complicated by formation of adducts with sodium and the matrices used. In the second part, the preliminary results dealing with MS detection of compounds eluted from walls of commerical PET bottles are given and author’s extensive results concerning the use of MALDI TOF MS for inorganic nano-materials(AgSbS2, Ge2Sb2Te5, nanodiamonds) analysis are briefly commented.