The goal of this thesis is to describe creative principles, sources and goals of the Jesuit theatre, especially on the example of the English Jesuit Edmund Campion (1540-1581), not only the martyr, outstanding rhetor and intellectual, but also the poet and playwright, working in Bohemia and Moravia. The main topic of the thesis is Campion´s dramatic activity. Because of the close relations of the order theatre to the pedagogical activity, considerable attention is paid to the Jesuit educational system and the subjects connected with the theatre practice – rhetorics and poetics. The thesis points out that it is the understanding of the Jesuit spirituality and the principles of the order educational system, part of which the Jesuit theatre was, which is necessary for studying Campion´s works and the Jesuit theatre. That is the reason why Campion´s ideal of the young intellectual in De iuvene academico is introduced in the thesis. Further on the thesis focuses on the Campion´s work De imitatione rhetorica and on handbooks of poetics and rhetorics by several Jesuit authors. The most extensive Campion´s work – Ambrosia – is being dealt with on the background of the Jesuit theatre theory and practice and the author attempts to find relations to the spirituality of St Ignatius, especially his Exercitia spiritualia.