The presented bachelor’s thesis is devoted to the analysis and contextual research of Philharmonic Dances (1956) by the composer and piano player Jan Novák (1921–1984). The first part of this work consists of a brief overview of a composer’s life, considering the events important for the creation of the above-mentioned composition. The second part of this thesis contains a comprehensive analysis of Philharmonic Dances as one of the most famous Novák’s autonomous symphonic works.